Geological observations reveal that mid-ocean ridges are segmented by numerous rigid and nonrigid discontinuities. A hierarchy of segmentation, ranging from large, long-lived segments to others that are small, migratory, and transient, determines the pattern and timing of creation of new ocean floor. To the extent that spreading segments behave like giant cracks in a plate, the crack propagatio...

We present a minimal model for the global carbon cycle of the Earth containing the reservoirs mantle, ocean floor, continental crust, biosphere, and the kerogen, as well as the aggregated reservoir ocean and atmosphere. The model is specified by introducing three different types of biosphere: procaryotes, eucaryotes, and complex 5 multicellular life. We find that from the Archaean to the future...

Nearshore waters of the California Current System (California CS) already have a low carbonate saturation state, making them particularly susceptible to ocean acidification. We used eddy-resolving model simulations to study the potential development of ocean acidification in this system up to the year 2050 under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios A2 and B1 scenarios. In both scenarios, t...

We study a model for the wind-induced current field of Pacific ocean in order to demonstrate that currents surface layer are carried down deepest regions above abyssal sea floor, which indicates existence phenomenon comparably strong bottom as result wind-stress forces at surface, also known benthic storms.

Software availability Software name: sbPOM Developers: Antoni Jordi and Dong-Ping Wang Contact: [email protected] Software requirements: Linux or Unix, fortran compiler, mpich 2, parallel NetCDF Programming language: Fortran 77 Availability and cost: Test cases are available at http://imedea.uibcsic.es/users/toni/sbpom at no cost 1. Overview Ocean circulation models are an integral part o...

The geochemical discriminate diagrams help to distinguish the volcanics recovered from different tectonic settings but these diagrams tend to group the ocean floor basalts (OFB) under one class i.e., as mid-oceanic ridge basalts (MORB). Hence, a method is specifically needed to identify the OFB as normal (N-MORB), enriched (E-MORB) and ocean island basalts (OIB). We have applied Artificial Neur...

In global ocean dynamics Rossby waves play a vital rôle in the long-term distribution of vorticity; knowledge of the interaction between these waves and topography is crucial to a full understanding of this process, and hence to the transportation of energy, mixing and ocean circulation. The interaction of baroclinic Rossby waves with abrupt topography is the focus of this study. In this paper ...

[1] Variations in the Earth’s water cycle are commonly quantified by their effect on global mean sea‐level. However, the interaction between passive adjustment of the ocean to changes in gravitational attraction due to mass redistribution, the related deformation of the solid Earth and disturbances in the Earth’s rotation vector will yield a distribution that is more complicated than a uniform ...

HF radar systems are widely and routinely used for the measurement of ocean surface currents and waves. Analysis methods presently in use are based on the assumption of infinite water depth, and may therefore be inadequate close to shore where the radar echo is strongest. In this paper, we treat the situation when the radar echo is returned from ocean waves that interact with the ocean floor. S...

The last decade of geophysical seafloor mapping in the Arctic Ocean from nuclear submarines and icebreakers reveals a wide variety of glaciogenic geomorphic features at water depths reaching 1000 m. These findings provide new and intriguing insights into the Quaternary glacial history of the Northern Hemisphere. Here we integrate multiand single beam bathymetric data, chirp sonar profiles and s...