Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines consisting of the alkyl monoesters of fatty acids from vegetable oils or animal fats. Most of the biodiesel that is currently made uses soybean oil, methanol, and an alkaline catalyst. The high value of soybean oil as a food product makes production of a cost–effective fuel very challenging. However, there are large amounts of low–cost oils an...

To measure the effects of dietary fat on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics, and on beef appearance, moisture binding, shelf life, palatability, and fatty acid content, 126 crossbred beef steers (321.1 +/- 0.57 kg of BW) were allotted to a randomized complete block (3) design with a 3 x 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The main effects were level of yellow grease ...

Fat, oil and grease deposits in sewer systems are known as calcium based fatty acid salts that are responsible for a significant number of sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) throughout the United States. Since 2007, clean water act (CWA) requires publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) to invest more than 15 billion dollars in new pipes and infrastructure to eliminate the overflows. However, little...

The wastewater generated in dairy industry contains very high organic loading and total solids and is mostly treated in ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant ), where the sludge is formed increasing the expenditure for processing and disposal along with the operation cost. Earthworms body act as a ‘biofilter’ and they were found to increase the removal efficiency of BOD3 – 89.3 %, 86.5 %, 91.6 %, COD –...

The objective of this paper is to critically review the significance of MBR technology for wastewater treatment derived Biodiesel plant with Alkali-Catalyzed Trans-esterification process. The whole study was carried out into two stages. In the first stage, pretreatment was studied with H2SO4 at the different pH range of 2.4 to 9 along with the removal efficiencies of BOD, COD and Oil & Greases....

Notes 1. Alternatively, grease and organic materials can be removed by heating platinum electrodes to redness in a flame. Do not touch electrode surfaces with your fingers after cleaning because grease and oil cause nonadherent deposits that can flake off during washing and weighing. 2. Chloride ion must be totally excluded from this determination because it attacks the platinum anode during el...

Abstract A common application for grease-lubricated oscillating rolling element bearings is, e.g., rotor blade in wind turbines. These mainly operate under conditions that are prone to starvation. If the grease is unable provide enough inlet lubricant supply contact between and bearing raceway, wear form of False Brinelling thus premature failure possible. Bearing experiments with different lit...

In this work, the performance of organic pollutant removal, membrane fouling and sludge morphology in a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating sunflower oil refinery wastewater (SORW) containing high oleic content was studied during 52 days’ operation at short values of 18 h and 10 days for hydraulic retention time and sludge retention time, respectively. The removal efficiencies of chemi...

Left History features articles from a variety of theoretical approaches; these include feminist, marxist, and postmodernist deliberations on topics such as race, ethnicity, class, gender, sexuality, culture, the state, labour, environment, theory, method.

Background: Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is characterized by its high organic content and refractory compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate compare the efficiency UV/O3 UV/ acetylacetone (UV/AcAc) processes for treatment pretreated OMW coagulation/microfiltration (C&M) process. Methods: In study, a laboratory-scale UV plug flow reactor with ancillary equipment fabricated. experimen...