We use the conditional autoregressive value at risk (CAViaR) model in combination with time-varying parameter vector (TVP-VAR) based connectedness approach to study systematic tail transmission considering two types of crude oil (Brent and WTI) also four refined petroleum products prices (gasoline, heating oil, jet fuel propane) from January, 17, 1997 December 11, 2020. For robustness purposes,...

In developing countries optimal instruments to smooth consumption such as insurance and credit are often scarce. Thus, during negative economic shocks, households respond by reducing consumption, and/or using sub optimal instruments to smooth consumption such as selling productive assets. If households are forced to reduce consumption or sacri ce nutritional quality during negative economic sho...

this paper surveys the persian monetary crises due to economic sanctions and speculative attacks that leads to high inflation. economic sanctions are associated with various forms of trade barriers and restriction on financial transactions. among the most influential sanctions on iran's oil export and central bank sanctions are noted that their aims to reduce iran's oil revenues and devaluation...

in respect to drought crisis in the center of iran, it needs valuable crops which adapt to such environments, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress on different castor ecotypes at two places (isfahan and shahrekord) in 2013. experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement in randomized complete block design (rcbd) with three replications that four dr...

This study provides a novel framework for analysing systematic tail risk transmission mechanisms by combining the Conditional Autoregressive Value-at-Risk (CAViaR) model with recently developed Time-Varying Parameter Vector (TVP-VAR) based connectedness approach. We estimate dynamic spillovers across two crude oil (Brent and WTI) four refined petroleum product (gasoline, heating oil, jet fuel p...

In this paper we investigate cross-commodity futures markets connectedness over different nearest-to-maturities. We thus implement time and time-frequency estimations for two constructed baskets of commodities, classified based on common delivery months. Using daily data spanning the period 1995–2020, provide a set stylized facts extent to which commodity are integrated or segmented. More speci...

Despite rapid growth of commercial energy, biomass remains principle energy source in rural and traditional sectors and contributes a third of India's energy. Technologies like biogas and improved cook-stoves exist in India since half a century. The national biomass policy however has a two decades of history, emanating with the rural energy policies. In midseventies decade, a rural energy cris...