We tested the hypothesis that glucose plus insulin determine the rate of fat oxidation in humans by controlling the rate of fatty acid entrance into the mitochondria. We gave constant infusions of [1-13C]oleate, a long-chain fatty acid, and [1-14C]octanoate, a medium-chain fatty acid, for 3 h in seven volunteers (basal). Immediately after the basal period, a hyperinsulinemic (insulin infusion =...

We compared the intracellular distribution and regulatory role of fatty acid transporter protein (FATP1) and fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) on muscle cell fatty acid metabolism. With the use of adenoviruses, FATP1 and FAT genes were delivered to primary cultured human muscle cells. FATP1 and FAT moderately enhanced palmitate and oleate transport evenly at concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 1 m...

TnphoA was used to mutagenize the chromosome in an effort to identify membrane-bound and exported components of the long-chain fatty acid transport system of Escherichia coli. This strategy identified three classes of fusions that were unable to grow or grew at reduced rates on minimal agar plates containing the long-chain fatty acid oleate (C18:1), (i) fadL-phoA, (ii) tolC-phoA, and (iii) tsp-...

Callus cultures from olive (Olea europaea L.) were used to study characteristics of desaturation in this oil-rich tissue. The incorporation of [1-(14)C]oleate and [1-(14)C]linoleate into complex lipids and their further desaturation was followed in incubations of up to 48 h. Both radiolabelled fatty acids were rapidly incorporated into lipids, especially phosphatidylcholine and triacylglycerol....

The present study has investigated the synthesis of copper nanoparticles via copper dismutation reaction in an aqueous solution and ambient conditions. Copper (II) chloride hydrate ( ), sodium oleate (SO), sodium chloride (NaCl) and ethylene diamine (EN) have been used as copper (I, II) ions source, surfactant, chloride ions supplier and ligand, respectively. Also, an amount of hydrochloric aci...

We have identified a cDNA from the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans that encodes an acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT). Its expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in an increase both in triacylglycerol content and in microsomal oleyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity. Such effects were similar to those of characterized plant DGAT genes. This is the first DGAT ...

We have developed the Rabbit Corneal Epithelial (RCE) Model to evaluate the in vitro eye irritation potential of chemicals including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and their raw ingredients. In the model, a stratified culture of rabbit corneal epithelial cells is grown at the air-liquid interface on an amnion acting as a parabasal membrane. The alkaline exposure was restored each day in the presenc...

Livers from normal, fed male and female rats were perfused with different amounts of [1-14C]oleate under steady state conditions, and the rates of uptake and utilization of free fatty acid (FFA) were measured. The uptake of FFA by livers from either male or female rats was proportional to the concentration of FFA in the medium. The rate of uptake of FFA, per g of liver, by livers from female ra...