We consider the problem of exchanging information in a synchronous message-passing system, where processors are prone to omission failures: faulty processors may not send or receive messages properly. We develop the efficient algorithm that solves this problem in time O(logn) and sends O(n+t) messages.

A series of studies on missed nursing care (i.e., required standard nursing care that is not completed) is summarized. Missed nursing care is substantial and similar levels are found across hospitals. Reasons for missed nursing care are staffing resources, material resources, and communication and these are also similar across hospitals. The higher the staffing levels, the fewer occurrences of ...

This paper introduces two benign failure models for shared memory in distributed systems, crash-omission and crash-eventual. These models are of intermediate power between the crash model and omission models of [JCT92]. (They exhibit more faulty behaviors than crash and fewer than omission.) Unlike the crash model, crash-omission is shown to have universal, gracefully-degrading constructions. T...

During fear learning, anticipation of an impending aversive stimulus increases defensive behaviors. Interestingly, omission of the aversive stimulus often produces another response around the time the event was expected. This omission response suggests that the subject detected a mismatch between what was predicted and what actually occurred, thereby providing an indirect measure of cognitive e...

Based on a series of vignette studies, DeScioli et al. (2011) proposed that omission bias, i.e., the preference for harm caused by omissions over commissions even when outcome is same, may be occurred as produces little public evidence wrongdoing. In this study, effects identified were examined using an opt-in policy organ donation in Japan. The results revealed context donating organs was not ...