This paper addresses the stability of the switched systems with discrete and distributed time delays. By applying Lyapunov functional and function method, we show that, if the norm of system matrices Bi is small enough, the asymptotic stability is always achieved. Finally, a example is provided to verify technically feasibility and operability of the developed results. Keywords—Switched system,...

We demonstrate a simple optical clock based on an optical transition of iodine molecules, providing a frequency stability superior to most rf sources. Combined with a femtosecond-laser-based optical comb to provide the phase coherent clock mechanism linking the optical and microwave spectra, we derive an rf clock signal of comparable stability over an extended period. Measurements suggest the s...

The mono-metallic and bi-metallic catalysts have been prepared by impregnating with solutions containing a compound of H2PtCl6,WO3 and 1ml HCl (0.1 mol). It should be noted that the catalysts’ activity and selectivity have been determined under these conditions : 450-5000C ,and 15-25atm by H2. For converting n-heptane , the molar ratio H2/C7H16 is 5 , and LHSV is 1.5ml/h. It has been proved tha...

In this paper, an innovative 3-to-3 bi-directional optical bus architecture based on multimode polymer waveguides with embedded 45° micro-mirrors was successfully demonstrated. With a lithography-free imprinting process by high quality electroplated metallic mold, the device can be precisely replicated with a low fabrication cost. Superior to any point-to-point optical waveguide, the implemente...

The effects of exchange coupling on magnetic switching properties of all-garnet multilayer thin film structures are investigated. All-garnet structures are fabricated by sandwiching a magneto-soft material of composition type Bi1.8Lu1.2Fe3.6Al1.4O12 or Bi₃Fe₅O12:Dy₂O₃ in between two magneto-hard garnet material layers of composition type Bi₂Dy₁Fe₄Ga₁O12 or Bi₂Dy₁Fe₄Ga₁O12:Bi₂O₃. The fabricated ...

in this paper, we introduce and study the prime, strongly prime,semiprime and irreducible fuzzy bi-ideals of a semigroup. we characterize thosesemigroups for which each fuzzy bi-ideal is semiprime. we also characterizethose semigroups for which each fuzzy bi-ideal is strongly prime.

Bismuth-Gallium co-doped silica glass fiber preform was prepared from nano-porous silica xerogels using a conventional solution doping technique with a heterotrinuclear complex and subsequent sintering. Ga-connected optical Bismuth active center (BAC) was identified as the analogue of Al-connected BAC. Visible and infrared photoluminescence (PL) were investigated in a wide temperature range of ...

We study the origin of the bi-stability jump in the terminal velocity of the winds of supergiants near spectral type B1. Observations show that here the ratio v∞/vesc drops steeply from about 2.6 at types earlier than B1 to a value of v∞/vesc=1.3 at types later than B2. To this purpose, we have calculated wind models and mass-loss rates for early-type supergiants in a Teff grid covering the ran...

Thin films of GaNBi alloys with up to 12.5 at.% Bi were grown on sapphire using low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. The low growth temperature and incorporation of Bi resulted in a morphology of nanocrystallites embedded in an amorphous matrix. The composition and optical absorption shift were found to depend strongly on the III:V ratio controlled by the Ga flux during growth. Increasing th...

With the technology trend of using optical interconnects as an alternative to traditional copper interconnects, basic elements such as waveguides and waveguide bus structure are studied worldwide. A novel 3-node bi-directional 50μm optical waveguide bus architecture with embedded mirrors is proposed and fabricated on flexible substrate. The fabrication is achieved by lithography-free molding. D...