The movement of vortices in superconductors due to an applied current can induce a loss of perfect conductivity. Experimental observations show that material impurities can effectively prevent vortices from moving. In this paper, we provide numerical studies to investigate vortex pinning and critical currents through the use of an optimal control approach applied to a variant of the time-depend...

In this paper, the shape memory, mechanical and Izod impact properties of a new shape memory nanocomposite based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and alumina nanoparticles were investigated. The morphological results showed that the presence of 1% alumina nanoparticles made a reduction in diameter of ABS domains and caused a uniform distribution of the ...

This paper investigates the optimal values of turn-on and turn-off angles, and ratio of flux linkage at turn-off angle and peak phase current positions of optimal control for accomplishing maximum output power in an 8/6 Switched Reluctance Generator (8/6 SRG). Phase current waveform is analyzed to determine optimal excitation angles (optimal turn-on and turn-off angles) of the SRG for maximum o...

We show that if the excitations which become gapless at a quantum critical point also carry the electrical current, then a resistivity linear in temperature, as is observed in the copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors, obtains only if the dynamical exponent z satisfies the unphysical constraint, z < 0. At fault here is the universal scaling hypothesis that, at a continuous phase transit...

impact responses of rectangular composite plates with embedded shape memory alloy (sma) wires are investigated in the present research. the plate is assumed to be placed in a thermal environment; so that in contrast to the available researches in the field, the shape memory and ferroelasticity effects have to be considered also in addition to the superelasticity. the governing equations are der...

optimal allocation of water resources is an essential service in agriculture that must be considered by farmers. one of the most significant factors in optimal allocation of water resources in agriculture is to define optimal farm cropping pattern. in this study, in order to determine optimal cropping pattern and water resources allocation in central district of mashhad city (toos village), the...

Optimal design of asymmetry passive power filters(PPFs) shall meet the need of harmonics suppression effect. However, harmonics distortion of current in each phase for asymmetry PPFs is different. This makes the dimension of variable space large as capacitors of PPFs in each phase are chosen as variables. Traditional experience-based method has difficulty achieving the optimal solution. In orde...

with D(φ(·,u)) ⊂ j for all u ∈ = ∏N j=1 j . The existence of an open loop of (1.1), (1.2) with φ independent of the control u, has been established in Ton [7]. With optimal shape design and with inverse problems inmind, we will consider the case when φ depends on the control u as it appears in the top order term of the partial differential operators involved in the problems. Optimal design of d...

A level set based shape and topology optimization framework is used to study the effect of graded interfaces in the optimization process of micro-architectured multi-materials. In contrast to previous studies interfaces are considered as smooth transition between phases instead of a sharp delimitation between two phases. A study on extreme thermoelastic properties of 2D isotropic composites is ...