The Gram dimension gd(G) of a graph is the smallest integer k ≥ 1 such that, for every assignment of unit vectors to the nodes of the graph, there exists another assignment of unit vectors lying in R, having the same inner products on the edges of the graph. The class of graphs satisfying gd(G) ≤ k is minor closed for fixed k, so it can characterized by a finite list of forbidden minors. For k ...

Electrical networks are defined and a definition of when a bond graph and an electrical network are equivalent is given. Bond graphs and electrical networks are defined to be primitive if they contain no transformers or gyrators. A bond graph is defined to be realisable if it is equivalent to an electrical network and primitively realisable if it is equivalent to a primitive electrical network....

Let H be a fixed forbidden graph and let f be a function of n: Denote by RTðn;H; f ðnÞÞ the maximum number of edges a graph G on n vertices can have without containing H as a subgraph and also without having at least f ðnÞ independent vertices. The problem of estimating RTðn;H; f ðnÞÞ is one of the central questions of so-called Ramsey–Turán theory. In their recent paper (Discrete Math. 229 (20...

Culture-based and genomics methods provide different insights into the nature and behavior of bacteria. Maximizing the usefulness of both approaches requires recognizing their limitations and employing them appropriately. Genomic analysis excels at identifying bacteria and establishing the relatedness of isolates. Culture-based methods remain necessary for detection and enumeration, to determin...

Computer architects have realized that interconnection bandwidth has become a critical limitation to the development of highperformance multiprocessor systems. Major reason is that the progress of processor performance has increasingly outpaced that of the interconnection networks, thereby limiting the usefulness of multiprocessor systems. This work presents a comprehensive study and the develo...

Imide-modified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be widely applied in the field of optoelectronic materials. In this work, we have synthesized four novel functionalized benzopicenes and characterized their solid structures and optoelectronic properties. The fluorescence of the four functionalized benzopicenes showed red shifts with increasing solvent polarity; the quantum yields are high in ...

Although great efforts have been made, reproducible p-type doping is still one of the largest hurdles that hinders the optoelectronic applications of ZnO. In this Letter, a reproducible route to p-type ZnO films employing lithium-nitrogen as a dual-acceptor dopant has been demonstrated, and p-i-n structured light-emitting devices (LEDs) have been constructed. Obvious purple emissions have been ...

Abstract: We reveal theoretically chaos and its control in a semiconductor laser with delayed negative optoelectronic feedback. Under nonperiodic or sinusoidal period optoelectronic current, the semiconductor laser exhibits rich nonlinear dynamics. For a given coupling constant, chaos is shown in a semiconductor laser directly injected by external light. For a photoelectric delayed negative-fee...

Advances in the growth, analysis, and characterization of various narrow-gap semiconductors and low-dimensional opto-electronic device structures have brought revolution into the modern day's information and communication technology including optical communication and computing systems. The main objective of this special issue is to include the recent advances in the experimental and theoretica...