Guiding Principles This document presents official recommendations of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus (HBV) infection in adults and children. Unlike previous AASLD practice guidelines, this guideline was developed in compliance with the Institute of Medicine standards for trustworthy practice guidelines and use...

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of health care utilization in the USA. Incidence of cirrhosis from HCV is expected to rise in the near future, further increasing this burden. There is a high medical need for effective, tolerable, safe, all-oral, short-duration therapy. To this end, several new direct-acting antiviral agents have been developed and have shown excelle...

Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a potentially mortal disease characterized by chronic pulmonary with persistent airway infection. Children this are more susceptible to respiratory infections due the limitation in mucociliary transport and anatomical disruption of bronchial tree. SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19, illness related exacerbations pathologies children, such as CF asthma. There not enoug...

Cytokines are polypeptide growth factors produced by most nucleated cells in the body, including epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and Langerhans cells in the skin. Cytokines can be classified into interleukins, tumor necrosis factors, chemokines, colony-stimulating factor, interferons, and growth factors. Like classic hormones, cytokines bind to specific receptors to transmit their messages to ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatic damage during transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a critical complication in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Apart from its role in preventing HBV reactivation, there is some evidence for the benefits of preemptive antiviral therapy in TACE. This study evaluated the effect of preemptive antiviral therapy on acute hepati...

BACKGROUND Recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) is one of the most common viral infections worldwide. The available treatments have limited efficacy in preventing the recurrence of ulcerative lesions and reducing the duration of illness. The objective of this review was to identify the effectiveness of topical corticosteroids in addition to antiviral therapy in the treatment of RHL infection. METH...

Background: Chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection may progress to end-stage liver disease in immunosuppressed individuals. Ribavirin therapy is efficient most chronic HEV patients, but 10% remain without a sustained virological response (SVR). Objectives: We aimed study whether zinc supplementation could represent therapeutic approach these patients. Methods: Antiviral properties of salts w...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Liver stiffness (LS) as assessed by transient elastography (TE) can change longitudinally in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The aim of this study was to identify the factors that improve LS. METHODS Between April 2007 and December 2012, 151 patients with CHB who underwent two TE procedures with an interval of about 2 years were enrolled. Ninety-six of the 151 patient...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly complex pathogen which, despite modern prophylactic regimens, continues to affect a high proportion of thoracic organ transplant recipients. The symptomatic manifestations of CMV infection are compounded by adverse indirect effects induced by the multiple immunomodulatory actions of CMV. These include a higher risk of acute rejection, cardiac allograft vasculop...

BACKGROUND Hyperferritinemia is often found in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and is predictive of poorer response to antiviral therapy. OBJECTIVE To investigate changes in ferritinemia during and after antiviral therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS serum ferritin levels were measured in 262 CHC patients (163 males, mean age 48.5 years +/- 10.1) before and during antiviral therapy, and si...