Presently, organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) have largely replaced organochlorine compounds in the agricultural activities. Total turnover of OPs has increased around the world. Their residues have been detected in ground and drinking waters (Barceló, 1993), natural surface waters (Hernández et al., 1996), marine organisms (Barceló et al., 1990) and food products (Gunderson, 1995; Dejonkeheer e...

We report here our preliminary results on the use of catalytic antibodies as an approach to neutralizing organophosphorus chemical weapons. A first-generation hapten, methyl-alpha-hydroxyphosphinate Ha, was designed to mimic the approach of an incoming water molecule for the hydrolysis of exceedingly toxic methylphosphonothioate VX (1a). A moderate protective activity was first observed on poly...

Raw buffalo milk samples from the agroindustrial zone in upper Egypt were analyzed for the presence of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Five organochlorine pesticides namely, alachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, lindane and methoxychlor and three organophosphorus pesticides chlorpyrifos, malathion, and parathion-methyl were detected in...

To evaluate the health impact of insecticides on Palestinian farm workers in the Gaza Strip, the study assessed biomarkers in farm workers who used organophosphorus insecticides. Serum cholinesterase and complete blood count were determined before and after spraying of organophosphorus insecticides. Burning sensations in eyes/face (62.5%), itching/skin irritation (37.5%), and chest symptoms (29...

Seventy five cases of attempted suicide were studied over a period of one and half years (from January 1996 to June 1997). The findings revealed that 85.4% cases were in the age group 15-54 years. Females (53.4%) and unmarried (52%) attempted suicide more often. House wives (32%) and students (28%) were the two commonest occupational categories involved. Organophosphorus compounds were consumed...

The use of the oxime P2S as intravenous therapy for organophosphorus anticholinesterase poisoning is well known. In emergency situations this route of administration may prove impractical due to severe symptoms of anticholinesterase poisoning and therefore the intramuscular route is to be preferred. The absolute intramuscular dose of P2S per man, recommended as necessary for adequate therapy of...

A simple and rapid method is described for the estimation of some organophosphorus insecticides in the serum of occupationally exposed persons. The compounds are extracted with a mixture of acetone and diethyl ether (1:1 v/v) in acidic medium and the extraction residue is analyzed by gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection method. Linearity was acceptable over concentrations from ...

The use of organophosphorus derivatising agents, prepared from C2 symmetric trimethylsilylated diamines, for the 1H NMR and 31P NMR determination of the enantiomeric composition of chiral alcohols is described.

Comparison of two commonly practiced atropinisation regimens in acute organophosphorus and carbamate poisoning , doubling doses vs 'ad hoc' — a prospective observational study. Diazepam inhibits organophosphate-induced central respiratory depression.

The formation of tren-based tris-urea supramolecular gels in organic solvents is perturbed by the presence of the nerve agent soman providing a new method of sensing the presence of organophosphorus warfare agents.