Biomechanical abnormalities of pronated feet accompanied by functional leg length disparity may increase the risk of skeletal muscle injury. Objective of the study is to prove that correction of pronated feet by the foot orthoses will reduce the creatine kinase-MM (CK-MM) concentrations as the muscle injury indicator. The design study was double blind randomized clinical trials with control. Re...

Children with flail feet who have control of their hips and knees are able to walk but are unable to stand still and find it difficult to walk slowly. These problems have been overcome in fifty-three children with flail feet due to myelomeningocele by fitting them with below-knee orthoses which provide maximum stability and yet allow normal walking. The biomechanical principles and the developm...

Cervical orthoses are used to immobilize the cervical spine (Schneider et al., 2007) while treating a range of neck impairments from muscle spasm to serious instability (Johnson et al., 1977; Johnson et al., 1981), such as after cervical spine surgery (Schneider et al., 2007) and spinal cord injury (Johnson et al., 1981; Stambolis et al., 2003). There are many different cervical orthoses availa...

Prostheses and orthoses prescribed for partial foot amputations vary in design and principle. Authors have described the need or the lack of need of toe lever arms, extensions above or below the ankle, and hard and soft sockets. Al­ most every design violates a principle thought to be a requirement of the other designers of partial foot prostheses/orthoses. The purpose of this paper is to descr...

Introduction Foot pain affects approximately one quarter of the population at any given time [1,2], is disabling in nearly half of these cases [3] and can impair mood, behaviour, risk of falls, self-care ability and quality of life [4-7]. Custommade foot orthoses are hypothesised to alleviate foot pain by reducing the biomechanical stress applied to injured tissues [8,9]. We aimed to systematic...

Background Patellofemoral pain is a common disorder whose aetiology is multifactorial and is often attributed to foot function. Foot orthoses are commonly prescribed for this condition; however the mechanisms by which they work are poorly understood. Previous studies using single segment foot models have hypothesised that it may be control of the midfoot which holds the key to understanding ort...

INTRODUCTION As the geriatric population is increasing, impairment related to ankle and subtalar arthritis has also become commonplace. Arthodesis is considered the standard procedure for severe ankle or hindfoot arthritis, but there are advocates of total joint arthroplasty, low tibial osteotomy, and distraction arthroplasty (1). In order to preserve patient mobility and function independence,...

Instability and balance impairment is common in patients with diabetic sensory neuropathy placing them at a higher risk of falling when performing more challenging daily tasks. The report describes the results of a dynamic balance tests of a subject with neuropathy due to the long-standing diabetes. The Computerized Dynamic Posturography was performed with and without ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs)...

Users of traditional knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs) walk with either locked or unlocked knee joints depending on the level of stability required. Some users may benefit from new stance-control KAFOs that prevent stance-phase knee flexion but allow swing-phase flexion. We collected data from nine nondisabled adults who walked with KAFOs that incorporated the Horton Stance-Control Orthotic Knee...