OBJECTIVE Activation of nuclear factor kappaB by diverse bacteria regulates the secretion of chemokines and cytokines. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-infected osteoblasts can significantly increase the secretion of interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. The aim of this study was to investigate whether S. aureus can activate nuclear factor kappaB in human osteoblasts, and wheth...

Once osteoblasts have completed their bone-forming function, they are either entrapped in bone matrix and become osteocytes or remain on the surface as lining cells. Nonetheless, 50-70% of the osteoblasts initially present at the remodeling site cannot be accounted for after enumeration of lining cells and osteocytes. We hypothesized that the missing osteoblasts die by apoptosis and that growth...

We investigated whether Kif3a in osteoblasts has a direct role in regulating postnatal bone formation. We conditionally deleted Kif3a in osteoblasts by crossing osteocalcin (Oc; also known as Bglap)-Cre with Kif3a(flox/null) mice. Conditional Kif3a-null mice (Kif3a(Oc-cKO)) had a 75% reduction in Kif3a transcripts in bone and osteoblasts. Conditional deletion of Kif3a resulted in the reduction ...

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins limit G protein signals. In this study, we investigated the role of RGS2 in the control of G protein signaling cascades in osteoblasts, the cells responsible for bone formation. Expression of RGS2 was up-regulated in primary cultures of mouse calvarial osteoblasts by parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-(1-34), which stimulates G(s) signali...

RANKL is a type II membrane protein bearing close homology to TNFSF members TRAIL, FasL, and TNF-a. has been definite for its key characteristic role in bone metabolism the immune system. It an apoptosis regulator gene, binding partner of osteoprotegerin OPG, ligand receptor RANK, it controls cell proliferation by modifying levels. Osteoblasts stromal stem cells activator NFκ-B (RANKL), binds a...

Bone is formed through the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification. In endochondral ossification primary mesenchymal cells differentiate to chondrocytes and then are progressively substituted by bone, while in intramembranous ossification mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate directly into osteoblasts to form bone. The steps of osteogenic proliferation, differentiation,...

To explore the regulation and potential mechanism of long non-coding ribonucleic acid taurine upregulated gene 1 on apoptosis cell cycle osteoblasts is main purpose. The overexpression plasmid small interfering were used to regulate expression in osteoblasts. was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction effect flow cytometry, western blot analyses detect division...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myoblasts. It has been suggested that a reciprocal relationship exists between the differentiation of MSC into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 (PPARgamma2) is a key element for the differentiation into adipocytes. Activation of the nuclear protein deacetyla...

GSK621 is a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator. This study tested its potential cytoprotective effect in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated osteoblasts. In cultured MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and primary murine osteoblasts, GSK621 significantly attenuated H2O2-induced cell death and apoptosis. AMPK activation was required for GSK621-induced osteoblast cytoprotection. Inhibition ...

Recent studies have established that the skeleton functions as an endocrine organ affecting metabolism through the osteoblast-derived hormone osteocalcin (Ocn). However, it is not fully understood how many transcription factors expressed in osteoblasts regulate the endocrine function. Here, we show that mice with osteoblast-specific deletion of Fra-2 (Fosl2) have low bone mass but increased bod...