Atlas is the first cervical vertebra. It does not have a body like other cervical vertebrae. It has two transverse processes, each one of which bears a foramen transversarium. The vertebral artery passes through this foramen. It has two lateral masses which articulate with the occipital condyles to form atlanto-occipital joints. Rarely, the atlas vertebra fuses with the occipital bone. We obser...

Styloid process is a spinous projection from the temporal bone at the base of the cranium. Its dimensions are highly variable. Normally, the process is cylindrical, straight and tapers towards the tip but, occasionally it is angulated. The shape and the dimensions of the styloid process have great clinical significance since any morphological alterations of it may disturb the adjacent anatomica...

An abnormal atlas and axis with presence of os odontoideum and fusion of multiple vertebrae were noted in an intact skeleton, in the osteology museum of the Department of Anatomy of North Bengal Medical College, West Bengal, India.These multiple abnormalities at various levels along with increased thickness of antero-posterior arch of atlas pointed towards the congenital nature of the anomalies...