The mechanism of ochratoxin A (OTA) toxicity has been found to involve the production of free radicals and consequent oxidative stress. Until now, the only studied pathway of OTA-caused oxidative damage was peroxidation of lipids. The aim of this study was to check whether OTA induced the production of protein carbonyls, markers of protein oxidation. Exposed rats (5 per group) were given daily ...

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin widely contaminating staple foods and beverages, has been classified as a "possible human carcinogen (Group 2B)" by the IARC. Serum levels of OTA were measured in a group of 138 healthy adults (age, 35-65 years) living in the area surrounding Florence (Tuscany, central Italy) and detected in all but four samples (97%). After the exclusion of one subject with a pe...

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin which is a common contaminant in grains during storage. Aspergillus ochraceus is the most common producer of OTA. Essential oils play a crucial role as a biocontrol in the reduction of fungal contamination. Essential oils namely natural cinnamaldehyde, cinnamon oil, synthetic cinnamaldehyde, Litsea citrate oil, citral, eugenol, peppermint, eucalyptus, anise and...

mycotoxins are small, toxic chemical products produced as secondary metabolites by a few fungal spices that readily colonise crops and contaminate them with toxins in the field or after harvest. in this study a liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins (afs) (b 1 , b 2 , g 1 , and g2), ochratoxin a (ota) and zearalenone(zea) toxins in wheat. fo...

Nevus of Ota is a dermal melanocytic nevus seen predominantly in females. It is uncommon in India. Its association with nevus of Ito, another dermal melanocytic nevus, is extremely rare. We report this rare association in a male patient, which is another interesting feature of the present case.

Abstract: A 1 V operating fully differential OTA is presented. We designed a 1 V operating fully differential OTA using NMOS inverters in place of traditional differential pair. To obtain high voltage gain, a two stage configuration has been used in which the first stage has feedforward to cancel common-mode signal and the second stage has commonmode feedback. This OTA was fabricated by 0.18 μm...

Abstract: A new circuit realization for OTA-C current-mode comb filter is proposed to remove the undesirable multiple frequency signals. The proposed filter uses only OTAs and capacitors, hence suitable for monolithic integrated circuit implementation. The proposed OTA-C comb filter is simulated in PSPICE using a behavioral macro-model of the OTA as well with a practical CMOS OTA circuit. The w...

Nevus of Ota, a dermal melanocytic nevus, is rare in the Indian subcontinent. It presents as a brown, blue, or gray patch on the face and is within the distribution of the ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve. The oral cavity is infrequently involved in nevus of Ota. Only 11 cases have been documented in the English literature. We report a rare case of intraoral nevus of Ot...

Liquorice is a herbal medicine produced mainly in China and Iran. This plant is suspected to contain ochratoxin A (OTA), a secondary metabolite produced by fungi. Although liquorice is not included in the daily dietary of humans, the high levels of OTA reported in this product have concerned consumers. Registration of a standard method for measuring the amount of this mycotoxin in liquorice-der...