The damped outrigger system is in widespread seismic area as a damping modification system. However, the relationships between exact performance and its response reduction effect has not been deeply investigated yet. This paper non-linear dynamic characteristic of single-damped systems with oil dampers or elasto-plastic considering design earthquake levels. optimal damper equations to maximize ...

Various models have been used to describe distance running technique. Among these, the mass-spring model is fairly simple to use and apply, but when employed as a model, does not predict vertical force accurately especially when a heel strike is exhibited. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how the mass-spring model can be modified to provide a simple, yet accurate prediction of grou...

This contribution presents a new approach of estimating the joint torques for an active orthosis. The new approach combines inverse dynamics and measured ground reaction forces. The joint torques can easily be computed from the ground reaction forces, but the measurement is usually flawed. An obsererver is employed to estimate the disturbance of the measurements and restore the original joint t...

Basketball is a sport that involves multiple impacts with the ground through a variety of moves such as running, jumping, and cutting. Repetitive impacts have been associated with stress-related injuries in other sports such as running. The purpose of this investigation was to gain an understanding of the typical stresses the body experiences during common basketball moves. To this end, the gro...

Load carriage is an inevitable part of military life both during training and operations. Loads carried are frequently as high as 60% bodyweight, and this increases injury risk. In the military, load is carried in a backpack (also referred to as a Bergen) and webbing, these combined form a load carriage system (LCS). A substantial body of literature exists recording the physiological effects of...

We present results from an independent analysis of friction that more generally addresses all crystalline materials by an extension of coincident site lattice theory and dislocation drag. Calculations for graphitic friction are carried out and agree in magnitude with experimental friction forces. More interestingly, static, dynamic and anisotropic friction forces, incommensurability effects and...

Objective. To examine the frequency domain characteristics of the ground reaction forces of young and elderly females during free walking. Design. Independent t-tests were used to examine the frequency content of all three components of the ground reaction force. Background. Frequency domain analysis has the potential to assist in identifying changes in gait that may be masked in the time domai...

BACKGROUND One major drawback in measuring ground-reaction forces during running is that it is time consuming to get representative ground-reaction force (GRF) values with a traditional force platform. An instrumented force measuring treadmill can overcome the shortcomings inherent to overground testing. The purpose of the current study was to determine the validity of an instrumented force mea...