The estrogen receptor was characterized in a new transplantable mammary tumor line (MXT) which was induced by urethan treatment in C57BL x DBAf F, mice. The tumor is a ductal papillary carcinoma that is ovarian dependent. Treat ment of ovariectomized mice with estradiol benzoate results in rapid growth of the tumor. Cytoplasmic and nuclearbound estrogen receptors were measured by the charcoal a...

PURPOSE We hypothesize that sex steroids induce sex-specific and/or opposite effects in the lacrimal and meibomian glands and that these actions may influence the prevalence of dry eye syndrome. The objective of this study was to begin to test this hypothesis. METHODS Lacrimal and meibomian glands were obtained from ovariectomized mice that had been treated with testosterone or control vehicl...

Benton J, Powers A, Eiselein L, Fitch R, Wilson D, Villablanca AC, Rutledge JC. Hyperglycemia and loss of ovarian hormones mediate atheroma formation through endothelial layer disruption and increased permeability. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292: R723–R730, 2007. First published June 29, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00112.2006.—The overall goal of this project was to examine the intera...

The present study explored the possibility that estrogen enhances the inhibitory effect of an angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) receptor blocker (ARB), olmesartan, on atherosclerosis, focusing on oxidative stress using apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoEKO). After 6 weeks on a high-cholesterol diet, marked atherosclerotic lesion formation with an increase in oxidative stress, such as superoxide prod...

Reproductive organs in female mice are susceptible to exposure to estrogenic substances especially during development. In the present study, C57BL/6J female mice were exposed to the synthetic estrogens ethinylestradiol (EE2) or diethylstilbestrol (DES), 10-100 or 6.7-67 microg/kg bw, respectively, in utero from day 10 to 18 of pregnancy, and their effects were analyzed at 30 and 40 days of age....

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a key role in both food intake and GnRH secretion. Food deprivation elevates hypothalamic NPY activity and suppresses LH and gonadal steroid secretion. Similarly, lactation up-regulates NPY expression as food consumption increases and estrous cycles cease. These observations suggest that NPY coordinates reproductive suppression in response to energy deficiency; if so,...

The effects of aromatase inhibitors 4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA), CGS 16949A, and CGS 20267, and of the antiestrogen tamoxifen (TAM), were studied on the growth of human breast carcinoma in a nude mouse model. To simulate the postmenopausal breast cancer patient, tumors were formed from inoculates of MCF-7 cells transfected with the human aromatase gene to provide a source of non-ovarian es...

The estrogen receptor was characterized in a new transplantable mammary tumor line (MXT) which was induced by urethan treatment in C57BL x DBAf F, mice. The tumor is a ductal papillary carcinoma that is ovarian dependent. Treat ment of ovariectomized mice with estradiol benzoate results in rapid growth of the tumor. Cytoplasmic and nuclearbound estrogen receptors were measured by the charcoal a...

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a caspase-1 containing multi-protein complex that controls the release of IL-1β and plays important roles in innate immune response. Since implicated pathogenesis variety diseases, it has become an increasingly interested target developing therapies for multiple diseases. We reported current study to determine how luteolin, natural phenolic compound found many vegetabl...

To test the role of gene expression of the classical ER (ER alpha) in the inhibitory effects of E on food intake and body weight, we ovariectomized and administered E2 benzoate (75 pg/d) or vehicle to wild-type (WT) mice and mice with a null mutation of ER alpha (alpha ERKO). Mice were ovariectomized at age 9 wk, at which time there was no significant effect of genotype on food intake or body w...