OBJECTIVE This study estimates the prevalence of injured patients requiring prehospital supplemental oxygen based on existing recommendations, and determines whether actual use exceeds those recommendations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Prehospital oxygen use and continuous peripheral oxygen saturation measurements were prospectively collected on a purposive sample of injured civilians transported to...

Although the erythropoietic effect of cobalt has been amply demonstrated in experimental animals (1-3), in normal human beings (4, 5), and in certain types of anemia (4, 6-8), the mechanism of this increased blood formation has not been elucidated. No evidence has been adduced that administration of cobalt causes a decrease in oxygen capacity (9) or alters the oxygen dissociation curve (10, 11)...

Oxygen-induced oxidative stress (OS) has damaging effects in the perinatal period. For now there is a lake of evidence that OS occurs in babies with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) We tests the hypothesis that a strict oxygen policy may minimize postnatal OS reducing severity of ROP. Multicenter prospective cohort study (72 newborns), using a common clinical management protocol with a strict c...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of various flow rates of oxygen administered via 1 or 2 nasal cannulae on the fraction of inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2) and other arterial blood gas variables in healthy neonatal foals. ANIMALS 9 healthy neonatal (3- to 4-day-old) foals. PROCEDURES In each foal, a nasal cannula was introduced into each naris and passed into the nasopharynx to the lev...

INTRODUCTION During brain tumour surgery, vasopressor drugs are commonly administered to increase mean arterial blood pressure with the aim of maintaining sufficient cerebral perfusion pressure. Studies of the commonly used vasopressors show that brain oxygen saturation is reduced after phenylephrine administration, but unaltered by ephedrine administration. These findings may be explained by d...

INTRODUCTION We developed a device (FreeO2) that automatically adjusts the oxygen flow rates based on patients' needs, in order to limit hyperoxia and hypoxemia and to automatically wean them from oxygen. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using FreeO2 in patients hospitalized in the respiratory ward for an acute exacerbation of COPD. METHODS We conducted a r...

Administration of a single high dose of methamphetamine (METH) causes a rapid and reversible decrease in the activity of the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine. This effect can be reversed completely by exposing the METH-impaired enzyme to a reducing environment, which suggests that the decrease in TPH activity is a reversible oxidativ...

For better understanding of pathophysiological aspects of tuberculosis sequelae, we investigated the relationship between pulmonary hemodynamics and chest X-ray findings. One hundred and seven patients with sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined by the right cardiac catheterization, and pulmonary hemodynamic values were measured and calculated. Chest X-ray findings were defined and cl...

BACKGROUND Perioperative optimization of spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy determined cerebral frontal lobe oxygenation (scO2) may reduce postoperative morbidity. Norepinephrine is routinely administered to maintain cerebral perfusion pressure and, thereby, cerebral blood flow, but norepinephrine reduces the scO2. We hypothesized that norepinephrine-induced reduction in scO2 is infl...