It can be demonstrated by an indicator method that living cells are as freely permeable to oxygen as dead cells, and that sudden admission of oxygen to the cell cannot account for increased oxidation as a result of stimulation. Oxygen penetrates as readily as carbon dioxide among the acids and ammonia among the alkalies. Exposure of living plant cells to high oxygen pressures does not initiate ...

Alcohol ingestion results in increases in the release of endotoxin from gut bacteria or membrane permeability of the gut to endotoxin, or both. Female rats are more sensitive to these changes. Elevated levels of endotoxin activate Kupffer cells to release substances such as eicosanoids, tumor necrosis factor-a and free radicals. Prostaglandins increase oxygen uptake and most likely are responsi...

BACKGROUND Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is associated with inflammatory responses in the lung. Thrombomodulin (TM), a component of the coagulation system, has anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesized that the administration of recombinant human soluble TM (rhsTM) would block the development of lung injury. METHODS Lung injury was induced by high tidal volume venti...

Alcohol treatment results in increases in the release of endotoxin from gut bacteria and membrane permeability of the gut to endotoxin, or both. Females are more sensitive to these changes. Elevated levels of endotoxin activate Kupffer cells to release substances such as eicosanoids, TNF-alpha and free radicals. Prostaglandins increase oxygen uptake and most likely are responsible for the hyper...

Background: Environmental problems of the plastic materials used in food packaging and the demand for food quality improvements lead to the development of packaging in natural materials. Edible films such as calcium alginate extend the shelf life by acting as a selective barrier against moisture and oxygen. The main objective of this study was to explore a calcium alginate based edible film to ...

Silicalite-poly(furfuryl alcohol) [PFA] composite membranes were prepared by solution casting of silicalite-furfuryl alcohol [FA] suspension on a porous polysulfone substrate and subsequent in situ polymerization of FA. X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize silicalite nan...

BACKGROUND Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an obligatory mediator of the late phase of ischemic preconditioning, but the mechanisms of its cardioprotective actions are unknown. In addition, it remains unclear whether sustained elevation of iNOS in myocytes provides chronic protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Constitutive overexpression of iNOS in tran...

An isolated, saline-perfused trout head preparation, irrigated with hyperoxic water (PWQ2 = 250 Torr), was used to assess diffusion/perfusion limitations to gill oxygen transfer. In the absence of catecholamines, increasing the perfusion flow rate caused a reduction of the partial pressure of oxygen in the dorsal aortic perfusate, indicating diffusion limitations to oxygen uptake. Physiological...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem (HSCs) and progenitor (HPCs) cells reside in a hypoxic (lowered oxygen tension) environment, in vivo. We review literature on growth of HSCs and HPCs under hypoxic and normoxic (ambient air) conditions with a focus on our recent work demonstrating the detrimental effects of collecting and processing cells in ambient air through a phenomenon termed extra phys...

Zhu, Longkun, Vince Castranova, and Pingnian He. fMLPstimulated neutrophils increase endothelial [Ca ]i and microvessel permeability in the absence of adhesion: role of reactive oxygen species. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288: H1331–H1338, 2005. First published October 21, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00802.2004.— Our previous study demonstrated that firm attachment of leukocytes to microvess...