The biomineralization of bovine pericardium (BP) heart valve bioprostheses was investigated by simulation of the process under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The nature and composition of calcific deposits that formed in human heart valve bioprostheses were compared with the mineral formed on BP discs immersed in a calcifying medium or subcutaneously implanted into Sprague-Dawley rats. The ea...

Enamel matrix proteins, including the most abundant amelogenin and lesser amounts of enamelin, ameloblastin, and proteinases, play vital roles in controlling crystal nucleation and growth during enamel formation. The cooperative action between amelogenin and the 32-kDa enamelin is critical to regulating the growth morphology of octacalcium phosphate crystals. Using biophysical methods, we inves...

As the population ages worldwide, importance of maintaining metabolism skeletal system becomes increasingly important. The skeleton is core locomotor and oral structure. Moreover, infection control an essential part orthopedic surgery. This paper investigates new bone substitutes fabricated by ionic substitution method leading to octacalcium phosphate (OCP) with excellent contact antibacterial ...

Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) has been recently cloned, and in vitro experiments have shown functions as regulator of cementoblast behavior and inducer of differentiation of non-osteogenic cells toward a cementoblastic/osteoblastic phenotype. In this study, we have produced a full-length human recombinant CEMP1 protein in a human gingival fibroblast cell line. The purified protein (hrCEMP1) has a ...

Dissolution of the (100) face of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) single crystal in weak acidic solutions (pH = 6.5; 25 ̊C) was observed in situ using atomic force microscopy. Monomolecular steps (2.0 nm high) were observed; they originated from etch pits or crystal edges. Advancement of the dissolution process led to precipitation of nanoparticles as small as ~10 nm even though the solution was unde...

The new heterometallic title complex, [Co(NCS)(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(NH(3))(2)][Cr(NCS)(4)(NH(3))(2)]·2CH(3)CN, has been prepared using the open-air reaction of cobalt powder, Reineckes salt and 2,2'-bipyridine (dpy) in acetonitrile. The crystal structure consists of discrete cationic [Co(NCS)(2)(NH(3))(2)(dpy)](+) and anionic [Cr(NCS)(4)(NH(3))(2)](-) building blocks, both with 2 symmetry, and ace...

Disadvantages of conventional drug delivery systems (DDS), such as systemic circulation, interaction with physiochemical factors, reduced bioavailability, and insufficient concentration at bone defect site, have underlined the importance developing efficacious local systems. Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is presumed to be precursor biologically formed apatite, owing its similarity hydroxyapatite ...