PURPOSE An accurate and early diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndrome (PS) is nowadays a challenge. This syndrome includes several pathologies with similar symptoms (Parkinson's disease, multisystem atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and others) which make the diagnosis more difficult. (123)I-ioflupane allows to obtain in vivo images of the brain that can be used to a...

PURPOSE In this narrative review, we aim to provide the pathophysiology and diagnostic criteria of the piriformis syndrome (PS), an underdiagnosed cause of buttock and leg pain that can be difficult to treat. Based on existing evidence, frequencies of clinical features are estimated in patients reported to have PS. In view of the increasing popularity of ultrasound for intervention, the ultraso...

Introduction The cochlear implant (CI) procedure in patients with inner ear malformations is challenging. aim of this study was to evaluate auditory perception and speech development children enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) relate the results diagnosis Pendred syndrome (PS), imaging findings, surgical course, postoperative period. Material methods group consisted 49 EVA, aged 11 months 15 ye...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical, audiological, radiological, and genetic features of a group of patients affected with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen patients affected with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS), diagnosed by means of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the inner ear, with 3-dimensional reconstruction...

E nlargement of the vestibular aqueduct (EVA) and its contents, the endolymphatic sac and duct, is the most common radiologic malformation of the inner ear associated with sensorineural hearing loss. It may occur alone or in combination with an incomplete partition of the apical turn of the cochlea as part of a complex of malformations known as a Mondini deformity. Hearing loss in ears with EVA...

Losing a fight (social defeat) induces submissiveness and behavioral depression in many animals, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here we investigate how the social defeat syndrome can be established as a result of experiencing aversive stimuli and the roles of neuromodulators in the process. While biogenic amines and nitric oxide (NO) are associated with reduced aggression in mammals and insect...

E nlargement of the vestibular aqueduct (EVA) and its contents, the endolymphatic sac and duct, is the most common radiologic malformation of the inner ear associated with sensorineural hearing loss. It may occur alone or in combination with an incomplete partition of the apical turn of the cochlea as part of a complex of malformations known as a Mondini deformity. Hearing loss in ears with EVA...

The predictive value of abnormal neurological findings on neuroimaging (NI) of children with partial seizures (PS) was studied. The sample comprised 143 children and adolescents with PS from 1979 to 1996. Fifty patients had the following abnormal NI findings: diffuse atrophy and porencephalic cyst (5.6% each), hemiatrophy, tumors, neurocutaneous syndrome brain lesions, and dysgenesis (4.2% each...