We describe trends in maternal employment and leave-taking after birth of a newborn and analyze the extent to which these behaviors are influenced by parental leave policies. Data are from the June Current Population Survey (CPS) Fertility Supplements, merged with other months of the CPS, and cover the period 1987 to 1994. This time span is one during which parental leave legislation expanded a...

This article studies the effect of parental background on the educational attainment of the offspring. In particular, it compares the effects of parental occupation and education and investigates whether the relative importance of these resources have shifted over time. In addition, this article studies, which parent has the strongest effect on the offspring’s education. Using data for the Neth...

The purpose of this study was to examine a broader range of sport constraints perceived by young Koreans in Australia who may need to adjust to changing behavioral expectations due to the socio-cultural transitions. Regardless of gender, in terms of quantitative findings, the most important participation constraints within the seven categories were resources, access, interpersonal, affective, r...

The effects of environmental stimulation and parental nurturance on brain development have been studied extensively in animals. Much less is known about the relations between childhood experience and cognitive development in humans. Using a longitudinally collected data set with ecologically valid in-home measures of childhood experience and later in-laboratory behavioral measures of cognitive ...

Despite the growing literature on how parenting predicts children’s adjustment to potentially stressful events, little is know about the specific mechanisms through which these effects operate. This review identifies some possible paths of parental influence by specifying ways that parents may influence each step of the coping process—from exposure to the potentially stressful event to event ap...

This article examines the association between three dimensions of perceived parenting--warmth, strictness, and expectation--and adult cognitive and socioeconomic achievement outcomes. Structural equation models (N = 7,035) were used to examine simultaneously the influence of parenting on adult achievement while controlling for the influence of parental socioeconomic circumstances. Very low and ...

Previous research has suggested that parents' aspirations for their children's academic attainment can have a positive influence on children's actual academic performance. Possible negative effects of parental overaspiration, however, have found little attention in the psychological literature. Employing a dual-change score model with longitudinal data from a representative sample of German sch...

this longitudinal study aims to examine the relationships between the perception of parental style, hope, self-esteem and eysenck's psychoticism dimension throughout the span of four years.the sample was composed of 884 students from the wollongong youth study, which commenced when students entered high school. during the course of the 4 years of the study, each participant completed the test b...