According to the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences „The time is highly opportune ... to develop a fundamental understanding of the physics of high energy density plasmas. Recent advances in extending the energy, power and brightness of lasers, particle beams, and Z-pinch generators make it possible to create matter with extremely high energy density in the laboratory...

We propose a dark matter model with standard model singlet extension of the universal extra dimension model (sUED) to explain the recent observations of ATIC, PPB-BETS, PAMELA and DAMA. Other than the standard model fields propagating in the bulk of a 5-dimensional space, one fermion field and one scalar field are introduced and both are standard model singlets. The zero mode of the new fermion...

1 We discuss experimental features of identified particle production from nucleusnucleus collisions. These features reflect hadronization from a deconfined partonic matter whose particle formation scheme is distinctly different from fragmentation phenomenology in elementary collisions. Multi-parton dynamics, such as quark coalescences or recombinations, appear to be essential to explain the exp...

We discuss the possibility that the recent detection of 511 keV γ-rays from the galactic bulge, as observed by INTEGRAL, is a consequence of low mass (∼MeV) particle dark matter annihilations. We discuss the type of halo profile favored by the observations as well as the size of the annihilation cross section needed to account for the signal. We find that such a scenario is consistent with the ...

We study the properties of static and rotating neutron stars adopting non-relativistic equations of state (EOS) for asymmetric nuclear matter based on the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (BHF) scheme. The BHF calculation, with the continuous choice for the single particle potential, appears to be very close to the full EOS, which includes the three-hole line contribution calculated by solving the Bethe-...

It is quite plausible that the mass of the dark matter particle increases significantly after its freeze-out, due to a scalar field rolling to large values. We describe a realization of this scenario in the context of thermal inflation which naturally gives a cold dark matter particle with the correct cosmological abundance and a mass around 10 GeV, evading the conventional upper bound of 10 Ge...

Cerebral contour extraction from magnetic resonance (MR) images is a fundamental work to analyze brain MR images. The methods can be roughly classified into three approaches, voxel-based, mesh-based and particle-based. Each method has advantages and disadvantages. Especially, particle based method can extract the complicated sulci with sub-voxel accuracy. The remained work is to develop a metho...

It is shown that a gravitationally collapsing black hole acts as an ultrahigh energy particle accelerator that can accelerate particles to energies inconceivable in any terrestrial particle accelerator, and that when the energy E of the particles comprising the matter in the black hole is ∼ 10 GeV or more,or equivalently the temperature T is ∼ 10 K or more, the entire matter in the black hole w...

The detection of the theoretically expected dark matter is central to particle physics and cosmology. Current fashionable supersymmetric models provide a natural dark matter candidate which is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The theoretically obtained event rates are usually very low or even undetectable. So the experimentalists would like to exploit special signatures like the dire...

A new analytical study performed to investigate the effect of the temperature difference between gas and particle in propagation of the spherical flames. The combustible system is containing uniformly distributed volatile fuel particles in an oxidizing gas (Air) mixture. The model includes evaporation of volatile matter of dust particles to known gaseous fuel (methane) and the single-stage reac...