Due to the rapid advancement of electronic commerce technology, there is a great and dramatic increase in credit card transactions. As credit card becomes the most popular mode of payment for both online as well as regular purchase, cases of fraud associated with it are also rising; to detect credit card frauds in electronic transactions becomes the focus of risk of control of banks. The propos...

The statistical-physics-based Kirchhoff-law–Johnson-noise (KLJN) key exchange offers a new and simple unclonable system for credit/debit card chip authentication and payment. The key exchange, the authentication and the communication are unconditionally secure so that neither mathematicsnor statistics-based attacks are able to crack the scheme. The ohmic connection and the short wiring lengths ...

Credit-card payment protocols such as iKP and SET use digital signatures to authenticate messages and authorize transactions. It is assumed that these digital signatures make the parties' authorizations non-repudiable, i.e., provable to a third-party veriier. In this paper, we deene a set of statements which participants in a payment may want to prove. We then investigate which of these stateme...