Aged rats have impairments in several types of cognitive functions, including spatial working memory (WM), that are dependent upon the septohippocampal cholinergic system. The present series of experiments was designed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacological manipulations of the medial septal area (MSA) in order to influence the physiology of the septohippocampal pathway and, therefore, ...

It is a basic task in Brillouin distributed fiber sensors to extract the peak frequency of the scattering spectrum, since the peak frequency shift gives information on the fiber temperature and strain changes. Because of high-level noise, quadratic fitting is often used in the data processing. Formulas of the dependence of the minimum detectable Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) on the signal-to-...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milking frequency (three times daily vs. two times daily) on the lactation curve shape, partial and 305-d lactation performance in Holstein dairy cows in Iran. Data from February 2000 to December 2012 comprising 217345 lactations on 141364 cows distributed in 324 herds collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran were used. The mean milk...

We describe the first observation of spontaneous Raman emission, stimulated amplification, and lasing in a SiGe waveguide. A pulsed optical gain of 16dB and a lasing threshold of 25 W peak pulse power (20 mW average) is observed for a Si1-xGex waveguide with x=7.5%. At the same time, a 40 GHz frequency downshift is observed in the Raman spectrum compared to that of a silicon waveguide. The spec...

This paper presents a technique to improve the performance of laser phase-shift range finders. The phase measurement is performed by using a new method to extract the phase-shift data from the peak of received and transmitted intermediate frequency signal amplitudes. The pulse width modulation is used to minimize the noise effect and enhance the signal amplitude measurement. The advantages of p...

This article presents a novel algorithm based on the cross-Wigner-Ville Distribution (XWVD) for optimum phase estimation within the class of phase shift keying signals. The proposed method is a special case of the general class of cross time-frequency distributions, which can represent the phase information for digitally phase modulated signals, unlike the quadratic time-frequency distributions...

results the overall prevalence of occupational asthma was 9.7%. this rate was 13.8% in the exposed group. logistic regression analysis showed that even after adjustment for confounding factors, a significant correlation existed between the frequency of occupational asthma and exposure to the produced dust particles (p < 0.05). in addition, age, work experience, body mass index, cigarette smokin...

The duration, peak velocity, and acceleration of the saccadic eye movements of 13 normal subjects are plotted as functions of saccadic magnitude. The apparent peak velocity of a saccadic eye movement is sensitive to the algorithms used to calculate the velocity. The velocity channel filter should have zero phase shift and a cutoff frequency between 60 and 100 Hz in order to limit noise but pass...