The Authors examine the prohibition on use newly introduced in criminal procedure code along with new incrimination of torture's conduct, penal code. After having summarized normative origins and crime's outlines, deal its processual issues order to draw attention about a particularly complex debated problem: consequences deed performed breaking prohibition, other logically or juridically conne...

Background: One of the goals of criminal policymakers in applying criminal responses is to rehabilitate the offender to avoid repeating his crime. Postponement of sentencing is an institution that can achieve their goals in reforming criminals, and has entered into the Iranian penal system under some French law. The main purpose of this article is to explain the institution of deferral in Irani...

In repeated normal-form games, simple penal codes (Abreu 1986, 1988) permit an elegant characterization of the set of subgame-perfect outcomes. We show that the logic of simple penal codes fails in repeated extensive-form games. We provide two examples illustrating that a subgame-perfect outcome may be supported only by a profile with the property that the continuation play after a deviation is...

The study is devoted to the norms of criminal and penal law regulating relationships associated with evasion from serving imposed punishment. This kind non-criminal omission act not a crime, while it belongs category criminal. Using examples court decisions, author substantiates relevance researching «non-criminal inaction» in form «evasions». investigates various types gives his definition an ...

when a crime occurs in society, albeit small, first it endangers the society and creates chaos in the society; in the second place, it make people feel pity for who was assaulted. if the victims are children of the community, we expect it to take action very quickly. this research is not about juvenile delinquency and not to criminalize children but to scrutinize how the crimes are performed ag...

Adjudication of the punitive damages in law on petty offenses The article presents issues related to institution operating under Polish Code Petty Offenses. Measures provided by offenses, as a part broadly understood criminal law, should be interpreted an analogous way both these codifications. However, result changes Penal introduced 2015, there are clear differences between for Offenses and a...

“There is, in fact, hardly an argument that can be advanced for the stern suppression of crime by penal methods that does not apply equally to the suppression of disease. . . . “ Medical service in the penal and correctional institutions throughout the United States has been reported at various times to be below the level of medical care for the general population. In 1939 McCartney2 noted that...

ISSN 1746-6938 PAPER Introduction We present here a brief outline of findings from our research, which explores the relationship between welfare expenditure and levels of punishment. We begin by examining research on welfare spending and imprisonment rates across US states and replicate this work using data from 18 countries, including the United Kingdom. The results show that welfare provision...