Background: Organizational cynicism is one of the important behavioral issues affecting employee performance, thereby reducing organizational efficiency. This study aims to design and evaluate a model for antecedents and consequences of organizational cynicism in employees of an industrial company in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this applied descriptive-correlational study, the statistical ...

nowadays, organizations are trying to maximize productivity by groups, but the results are not always completely satisfactory thereby causing some problems for organizations such as social loafing. social loafing reduces motivation and effort in team work compared to individual work. this study intends to achieve the necessary mechanisms to reduce social loafing, and reviews the effect of perce...

purpose – this study tries to examine how perceived instrumentality organizational (the extent to which employees feel that their display of ocb will help in contributing to organizational operations and achievement of organizational objectives) and perceived instrumentality individual ( the extent to which employees perceive that their display of ocb will help in achieving individual objective...

AIMS To identify the work factors that predict intense low back pain (LBP) and LBP related sick leaves in nurses' aides. METHODS The sample comprised 4266 randomly selected Norwegian nurses' aides, not bothered or only a little bothered by LBP during the previous three months, and not on sick leave when completing a mailed questionnaire in 1999. Of these, 3808 (89.3%) completed a second quest...