Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of the most efficient tools for efficiency measurement which can be employed as a benchmarking method with multiple inputs and outputs. However, DEA does not provide any suggestions for improving efficient units, nor does it provide any benchmark or reference point for these efficient units. Impracticability of these benchmarks under environmental conditio...

Conventional image interpolation methods such as the bilinear and bicubic algorithms determine the weights of the reference pixels based on the special distance between the supplementary pixel and the reference pixels. They suffer from some problems such as blurring and jagging around the edges since the edge structure is not considered in interpolation. In this paper, a coordinate rotation and...

It is generally agreed that different categories of adverbial clauses—temporal, conditional, and causal clauses may have their different performances of distribution and functions in different positions as preposed vs. postposed. and Wang (1996), temporal and conditional clauses in both English and Chinese tend to occur in the initial position (preposed) while causal ones tend to occur in the f...

In large corpus-based concatenative Text-to-Speech, unit selection is critical for the quality of synthetic speech. Dynamic programming algorithms have been used for unit-searching by minimizing a total cost (1) between target specification and candidate units and (2) between candidate units for concatenation. The cost function is often a weighted sum of sub-costs, which are the costs for each ...

In this paper, we develop a new model reference control architecture to effectively suppress system uncertainties and achieve a guaranteed transient and steady-state system performance. Unlike traditional robust control frameworks, only a parameterization of the system uncertainty given by unknown weights with known conservative bounds is needed to stabilize uncertain dynamical systems with pre...

The selection of weights of the new hidden units for sequential feed-forward neural networks (FNNs) usually involves a non-linear optimization problem that cannot be solved analytically in the general case. A suboptimal solution is searched heuristically. Most models found in the literature choose the weights in the first layer that correspond to each hidden unit so that its associated output v...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the most popular mathematical approach to assess efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs). In complex organizations, DMUs face a heterogeneous condition regarding environmental factors which affect their efficiencies. When there are large number objects, non-homogeneity significantly influences scores that leads unfair ranking DMUs. The aim this study deal w...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a method to evaluate the relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs). In this method, the issue has always been to determine a set of weights for each DMU which often caused many problems. Since the DEA models also have the multi-objective linear programming (MOLP) problems nature, a rational relationship can be established between MOLP and DEA problem...

In the evaluation of non-efficient units by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) referenced Decision Making Units (DMU’s) have an important role. Unfortunately DMU’s with extra ordinary output can lead to a monopoly in a reference set, the fact called abnormality due to the outliers' data. In this paper, we introduce a DEA model for evaluating DMU’s under this circumstance. The layer model can resul...