A generic model for the monetary flow in multi-level marketing schemes for virtual goods, so called incentive management systems, is introduced and analysed. It is shown that such schemes can in principle be fair, and it is argued that they can be viably realised if the value of the distributed good is positive. It is shown how the monetary incentive a buyer receives through the scheme can be p...

ness of an element is the ratio of in-degrees over in-degrees plus out-degrees of the element, and ranges from 0 to l (Pieters et al. 1995). Elements with high abstractness scores are

We study the global optimal solution for a planning problem of inventory control of perishable products and non-stationary demand.

I characterize a finite additive utility representation for preferences over menus. The numbers of both positive and negative components in this representation are expressed explicitly in terms of preference. These expressions can be used to characterize models of temptation, perfectionism, context effects, and other phenomena. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D81

This paper presents a study on the optimization problem of consumer’s choice constrained to single time interval. In this problem, is made over set perishable goods such that they do not retain value at end period. Money has been introduced as only means available store for future. Thus, consumer utility measured possible combinations consumed during period and money held Additionally, simple c...

Quick commerce has recently become the most important issue in logistics industry due to intensifying competition for a faster delivery. A fulfillment service that integrates various processes emerged conduct delivery as quickly possible. With need facilities can serve near customer, Micro Fulfillment Center (MFC) is suggested solution. MFC refers small center located city and functions an adva...

<p><em>Traditional market as a major resource of inexpensive goods for countless middle and low-income classes well an essential source livings many persons is one the crowded places having high risk SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) transmission. In hand, working in packed, precarious conditions, becoming sick due to COVID-19 will have devastating effects on sellers’ entire households. o...

A durable good is a long-lasting good that can be consumed repeatedly over time, and a duropolist is a monopolist in the market of a durable good. Theoretically, less is known about durable goods than their more well-studied counterparts, consumable and perishable goods. It was quite startling, therefore, when Ronald Coase (1972) conjectured that a duropolist has no monopoly power at all! Speci...

Refrigerators play an important role in perishable goods supply chains and are expected to operate efficiently. Thermoelectric refrigerators need specific criteria for assessing their energy efficiency. The existing do not take into account the insulation properties of a refrigerator cabinet, which results low credibility assessment parameters thermoelectric coolers. aim research was develop ap...

We consider the problem of shipping a set of products from a single origin (the vendor) to a common destination (the buyer) with the objective of minimizing the sum of the inventory and transportation costs, when a set of shipping frequencies is given and products are assumed to be perishable. We provide a mixed integer linear programming model for the problem and propose the modification of kn...