It lhas been possible to miniatuirize the glass pH electrode to an extent tllat it can be uised to measture the intraltiminal pH of single mammalian nephrons(l). There are, however, a nutmber of problems that arise from the miniaturization process. Thlese includ(le electrode insulation, the incorporation of a suitable reference electrode witlh the pH glass electrode, an(d the ultimate achievabl...

An electrochemical zinc oxide (ZnO) pH sensor is proposed and prototyped using a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The device resistant to acidic alkaline solutions exhibits excellent electrical conductivity. sensing film was deposited by radio-frequency sputtering, providing dense ZnO layer, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) used enhance the chemical stability of in solutions. has an...