Following amputation, individuals ubiquitously report experiencing lingering sensations of their missing limb. While phantom sensations can be innocuous, they are often manifested as painful. Phantom limb pain (PLP) is notorious for being difficult to monitor and treat. A major challenge in PLP management is the difficulty in assessing PLP symptoms, given the physical absence of the affected bo...

Low-resistance ohmic contacts are a prerequisite for implementing two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) in host of applications. Edge offer unique advantages, yet their electrical properties not fully understood. Employing an $a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}b$ $i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o...

FeRhCrSi shows unconventional magnetic and transport properties. It belongs to one of the rare spintronic material classes, namely, spin semimetals. Transport measurements reveal its semimetallic nature, which is further confirmed by $a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}b$ $i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o$ calculation...

Low-resistance ohmic contacts are a prerequisite for implementing two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) in host of applications. Edge offer unique advantages, yet their electrical properties not fully understood. Employing an $a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}b$ $i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o...

background: in nuclear medicine application often it is required to use computational methods for evaluation of organ absorbed dose. monte carlo simulation and phantoms have been used in many works before. the shape, size and volume in organs are varied, and this variation will produce error in dose calculation if no correction is applied. materials and methods: a computational framework for co...

Freehand three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound is a technique for acquiring ultrasonic data of a 3D volume with application in radiotherapy and surgery planning. As the clinician sweeps the ultrasound probe over the anatomy, the trajectory of the probe is recorded using an attached position sensor. However, the position sensor tracks the position of the sensor, rather than the ultrasound B-scan. It...

This paper reports the status of a new cardiovascular fluoroscopy benchmarking phantom. A joint working group of the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) developed the phantom. The device has been adopted as NEMA standard XR 21-2000, 'Characteristics of and Test Procedures for a Phantom to Benchmark Cardiac Fluoros...

Introduction: The routine use of a calibration phantom that fits easily into a breast coil could provide the basis for standardization and patient-specific calibration of breast MRI. Here, we use a phantom to correct the variable flip angles in a T1 measurement. This increases the accuracy of T1 and contrast media concentration measurements obtained with a clinically employed T1-weighted dynami...

The aim of this study was to develop a phantom and analysis software that could be used to quickly and accurately determine the location of radiation isocenter to an accuracy of less than 1 mm using the EPID (Electronic Portal Imaging Device). The proposed solution uses a collimator setting of 10 × 10 cm2 to acquire EPID images of a new phantom constructed from LEGO blocks. Images from a number...

(iConstable, 1964, 21s.) In this book we walk through phantom towns, phantom offices, we are taken t0 phantom hospitals, we meet phantom people?the author never names a place, ?r tells us what her work was-?her parents, her friends, her psychiatrists, nurses aflo fellow patients have no faces. As though the world she moved in had hardly touch^0 her. How can you live like this and not die of lon...