imaging of the kidneys and urinary tract has a significant and critical role for diagnosis of genitourinary system diseases. although technological progress goes toward less invasive approaches, some of the current methods are still invasive and annoying. voiding cystourethrography (vcug) is the best and most accurate method for diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral refl ux. vcug is a distres...

conclusions both add-on ldt and switching to peg-ifn-α2a were satisfactory and optimal treatments for chb patients with poor responses to adv. both rescue strategies resulted in significant reductions in serum viral load and alt levels, and were associated with high rate of serological outcomes in our hospital. patients and methods ninety-seven chb patients with hbv dna > 2 log10 copies/ml 48 w...

BACKGROUND We purposed to systemically review studies investigating the prophylactic effect of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological modalities against rocuronium induced withdrawal movement (RIWM) in the Korean population. METHODS Literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Koreamed, KMBASE, KISS and RISS up to March 2014. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compar...

UNLABELLED Although several qualitative reviews on pharmacological interventions for pathological gambling have been published, no quantitative review of this field has been conducted. METHODS Studies of pharmacological interventions of pathological gambling were identified by computer searches in the PsychINFO and MEDLINE databases covering the period from 1966 to July 2006, as well as from ...

Background Drugs used by patients with sickle cell anemia to relieve pain have side effects, so the use of non-pharmacological palliative methods (such as massage, muscle relaxation, heat, drinking fluids, etc.) can be considered. We aimed to determine effect of non-pharmacological palliative methods training among adolescents with sickle cell anemia. <stro...

This systematic review aims to synthesize the data on the effectiveness of pharmacological modulation of stress response in minimally invasive surgery. Eligible trials were clinical trials randomized or not or experimental trials that investigated the effect of pharmacological agents on modulation of surgical stress response to minimally invasive surgery. No clinical trials were identified. Eig...

Cardiac ischemia is a leading cause of death, especially in diabetic patients. The diabetic ischemic heart is resistant experimentally to established cardioprotective treatments. New pharmacological approaches to cardiac protection are warranted. The kallikrein-kinin system is involved in myocardial protection in ischemia. Respective roles of B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R) receptors remain controversial...