1. A study has been made of the ability of rat liver in vivo to maintain equilibrium in the combined glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase reactions, i.e. in the system: [Formula: see text] Attempts were made to upset equilibrium. The [lactate]/[pyruvate] ratio was rapidly changed by injection of ethanol or crotyl alcohol, and the value of...

The aim of the present investigation was to study whether prolonged exposure of isolated rat islets to the long chain fatty acid sodium palmitate leads to uncoupling of respiration. It was found that culture of islets in the presence of palmitate abolished glucose-sensitive insulin release and decreased insulin contents. This was paralleled by decreased ATP contents, increased respiration, and ...

Vilsmeier formylation of 2-(1-phenylhydrazonoethyl)naphtho[2,1-b]furan (2) gave 3-naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-yl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (3), which was reacted with C- and N-nucleophiles to afford naphthofuranpyrazol derivatives 4-8. Treatment of 2-[(3-(naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene]-malononitrile (4a) with reactants having active hydrogen and Et₃N gave the ...

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-producing Shewanella marinintestina IK-1 (IK-1) and its EPA-deficient mutant IK-1Delta8 (IK-1Delta8) were grown on microtitre plates at 20 degrees C in a nutrient medium that contained various types of growth inhibitors. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroxyl peroxide were 100 microM and 1 mM, respectively, for IK-1 and 10 ...

The physiological role of monocarboxylate transport in brown adipose tissue mitochondria has been reevaluated. We studied pyruvate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-ketoisocaproate, and phenylpyruvate uniport via the uncoupling protein (UCP1) as a GDP-sensitive swelling in K+ salts induced by valinomycin or by monensin and carbonyl cyanide- p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone in Na+ salts. We have demonstr...

The soluble fraction of homogenates of synchronous CMorg#a /w^ca was tested for carbohydrate-lyzing activities. With isolated cell walls and /?-l,4-mannan or carboxymethyl cellulose as substrates, a sharp increase in activity occurred shortly before release of the daughter cells followed by a decline during release. The lytic activities were partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation...

A cDNA encoding a novel member of the helicase family, MDDX28, has been cloned from a human testis library. This apparently intronless gene was transcribed in all tissues studied. MDDX28 encodes a protein of 540 amino acids, with approximately 30% homology to other helicases over the core region, containing all the conserved DEAD-box helicase motifs. No homologue is known. MDDX28 has RNA and Mg...

Temperature is a fundamental physical parameter that plays an important role in biological reactions and events. Although thermometers developed previously have been used to investigate several important phenomena, such as heterogeneous temperature distribution in a single living cell and heat generation in mitochondria, the development of a thermometer with a sensitivity over a wide temperatur...

Cultured human myotubes have a low mitochondrial oxidative potential. This study aims to remodel energy metabolism in myotubes by replacing glucose with galactose during growth and differentiation to ultimately examine the consequences for fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Exposure to galactose showed an increased [(14)C]oleic acid oxidation, whereas cellular uptake of oleic acid uptake was un...

Treatment of 45Ca2+-loaded GH3 pituitary cells with various concentrations of digitonin revealed discrete pools (I and II) of cellular 45Ca2+ defined by differing detergent sensitivities. Markers for cytosol and intracellular organelles indicated that the two 45Ca2+ pools were correlated with the two major cellular Ca2+-sequestering organelles, endoplasmic reticulum (I) and mitochondria (II). S...