It has long been thought that some lipoid substance in platelets is responsible for their activity in the coagulation system in vitro, and this paper reports an attempt to identify its nature. Erickson, Williams, Avrin, and Lee (1939) reported that platelets contained "cephalin" and Chargaff, Bancroft, and Stanley-Brown (1936) cephalin and lecithin fractions: Hougie (1955) suggested that materi...

1. Analogues of ethanolamine and choline were incubated with different labelled precursors of phospholipids and isolated hepatocytes and the effects on phospholipid synthesis were studied. 2. 2-Aminopropan-1-ol and 2-aminobutan-1-ol were the most efficient inhibitors of [(14)C]ethanolamine incorporation into phospholipids, whereas the incorporation of [(3)H]choline was inhibited most extensivel...

The apparent turnovers of mitochondrial DNA and of the phospholipids, cardiolipln, lecithin, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine, have been determined simultaneously in the mitochondria of rat liver, kidney, brain, and heart. The turnover rate of mitochondrial DNA in liver was similar to previously reported turnover rates of other mitochondrial components. Mitochondrial DNA has a half-life of 6.7 day...

Strain DS-1 is a small (0.8 μm in length and 0.2 μm in diameter) heterotrophic member of the α-Proteobacteria able to ω-oxygenate the commercial surfactant linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) and shorten the sidechain by β-oxidation to yield sulfophenylcarboxylates. The morphotype is widespread in cultures able to utilise LAS, and a second organism with similar characteristics, strain AN-8, is n...

Changes induced by dietary methyl linoleate and arachidonate in the fatty acid composition of liver phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, cholesterol esters, and triglycerides were investigated in essential fatty aciddeficient rats. The esters were fed for 0, 24, 50, 96, 192, and 360 hr. The lipids were fractionated by thin-layer chromatography and the fatty acid composition was esti...

In this study an attempt has been made to examine the efficacy of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) using galactosylated liposomes as carriers for mobilization of cadmium from the body of mice preexposed to cadmium chloride (0.005 mmoles/kg intraperitoneally daily for 4 days). Cadmium-exposed mice after a rest period of 8 weeks were administered DMSA intravenously, two injections 15 micro...

Among flowering plants, the synthesis of choline (Cho) from ethanolamine (EA) can potentially occur via three parallel, interconnected pathways involving methylation of free bases, phospho-bases, or phosphatidyl-bases. We investigated which pathways operate in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) because previous work has shown that the endogenous Cho supply limits accumulation of glycine betaine in ...

New and sustainable sources of long-chain (LC, ≥C₂₀) omega-3 oils containing DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6ω3) are required to meet increasing demands. The lipid content of the oilseed of a novel transgenic, DHA-producing land plant, Camelina sativa, containing microalgal genes able to produce LC omega-3 oils, contained 36% lipid by weight with triacylglycerols (TAG) as the major lipid class i...

The sources and mechanisms of gas production by irradiation were determined using model systems prepared with fatty acid, phospholipids, oil, sugars, glycolysis and TCA cycle intermediates, nucleic acids, amino acid monomers and homopolymers, and proteins. The model systems were irradiated at 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 kGy using a linear accelerator and the amounts of CO, CO 2, and CH4 produced were dete...

Melittin, the predominant fraction of bee venom proteins, was studied in an experimental model of human neutrophil granulocytes to reveal its influence on eicosanoid release, metabolism and receptor function in relation to intracellular calcium metabolism. Melittin (2 mumol/l) was as potent as the calcium ionophore A23187 (10 mumol/l) for activation of 5-lipoxygenase, releasing arachidonate onl...