Carnosic acid (CA), carnosol (CL) and rosmarinic (RA), components of the herb rosemary, reportedly exert favorable metabolic actions. This study showed that both CA CL, but not RA, induce significant phosphorylation AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) its downstream acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in HepG2 hepatoma cells. Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1), rate-limit...

Gestational diabetes is a glucose intolerance level first identified during pregnancy. This condition caused by hormone secretion that hinders insulin action from the placenta which resistance will cause hyperglycemia. increase oxidative stress, and in consequence increasing inflammation cell death can hinder fetal growth development. Salacca zalacca peel food waste contains antioxidants anti-i...

In this study, gestational sows were fed control or betaine-supplemented diets (3 g/kg) throughout the pregnancy, and the newborn piglets were used to elucidate whether maternal dietary betaine affected offspring hepatic gluconeogenic genes through epigenetic mechanisms. Neonatal piglets born to betaine-supplemented sows had significantly higher serum and hepatic betaine contents, together with...

The modification of avian phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase by a variety of sulfhydryl reagents leads to inhibition. The inhibition is related to the loss of 1 highly reactive cysteine residue of the 13 cysteines present in the enzyme. Inhibition by reagents which yield a mixed disulfide was rapidly reversed by thiols. Reagents specific for vicinal sulfhydryl configurations were not potent inhi...

There exist two isoforms of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) in pig populations that differ in a single amino acid (Met139Leu). The isoenzymes have different kinetic properties, affecting more strongly the Km and Vmax of nucleotides. They are associated to different phenotypes modifying traits of considerable economic interest. In this work we use inhibitors of phosphoenolp...

To elucidate biochemical mechanisms underlining high plasma glucose in chicken embryo, gene expression profile of gluconeogenic key enzymes were characterized. The liver and skeletal muscle were collected from 13to 21-day embryos (E) (n=8) of layer chicken and the mRNA of pyruvate carboxylase (PC), cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C), mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxyk...

1. Glutamine was found to be the main carbon and nitrogen product of the metabolism of aspartate in isolated guinea-pig kidney-cortex tubules. Glutamate, ammonia and alanine were only minor products. 2. Carbon-balance calculations and the release of 14CO2 from [U-14C]aspartate indicate that oxidation of the aspartate carbon skeleton occurred. 3. A pathway involving aspartate aminotransferase, g...

The cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) plays a regulatory role in gluconeogenesis and glyceroneogenesis. The role of the mitochondrial isoform (PCK2) remains unclear. We report the partial purification and kinetic and functional characterization of human PCK2. Kinetic properties of the enzyme are very similar to those of the cytosolic enzyme. PCK2 has an absolute require...