OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome is a precursor of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Walnut ingestion has been shown to reduce CVD risk indices in diabetes. This randomized controlled crossover trial was performed to investigate the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function and other biomarkers of cardiac risk in a population of overweight individuals with visceral adipo...

Besides apple, its primary host, the codling moth Cydia pomonella uses walnut as a secondary host. Abundance of toxic naphthoquinones, among which juglone prevails, does not restrain this economically important pest insect from infesting walnut, but processes underlying the suitability of this host were yet unknown. Larvae feeding on an artificial diet supplemented with juglone at naturally occ...

Xylem vessels of Prunus persica Batsch (peach) and Juglans regia L. (walnut) are vulnerable to frost-induced embolism. In peach, xylem embolism increased progressively over the winter, reaching a maximum of 85% loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) in early March. Over winter, PLC in walnut approached 100%, but the degree of xylem embolism varied during the winter, reflecting the ability of waln...

OBJECTIVE To validate a 171-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for measurement of nutrient intake in an intervention trial based on walnut supplementation. DESIGN AND SETTING Free-living adults from Southern California were randomly assigned to either an intervention (walnut-supplemented) or a control diet. The prescribed 6-month intervention was > or = 28 g of walnuts ...

Phytophthora infestans is a devastating phytopathogenic oomycete that causes late blight on tomato and potato. Recent genome sequencing efforts of P. infestans and other Phytophthora species are generating vast amounts of sequence data providing opportunities to unlock the complex nature of pathogenesis. However, accurate annotation of Phytophthora genomes will be a significant challenge. Most ...

The genes encoding the insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) of BacIllus thuringiensis are good candidates for protecting walnut plants against insect pests. Ve have estimated the dose response of three important walnut pests (codling moth, navel orangeworm and Indianmeal moth) with two highly purified insecticidal proteins of Bacillus thurJ.nglensis and show that these three insects are highly ...

Walnut blackline disease caused by the cherry leafroll virus (CLRV) causes fatal necrosis at the union between English walnut scions and hypersensitive rootstocks. All English walnut cultivars tested so far are susceptible to blackline girdling. A breeding program for developing a blackline resistant Englishwalnut cultivarwas begun in 1983. The time requiredto breed an English walnut cultivar t...

The black walnut, Junglas nigra, is indigenous to eastern North America, and abscission of its fruit occurs around October. The fruit consists of a husk, a hard shell, and kernel. The husk is commonly discarded in processing, though it contains phenolic compounds that exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. For this study, black walnut husks were extracted using supercritical carbon d...

BACKGROUND Walnut is unique because they have a perfect balance of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The increasing market demand of walnut lipids results in the large amount of the oil extraction residue. The walnut residue is rich in nutritional proteins, and the uneconomic use of the by-product discouraged the development of walnut industry. Anticancer peptides have recently received ...

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a well-known member of the Juglandaceae family and its kernel is widely consumed around the world for both unique nutritional characteristics and health-related benefits. Even though several studies investigated the composition and biological activities of different parts of the walnut tree, the internal septum of the walnut kernel is less evaluated. In the...