Phytotoxicity including autotoxicity and allelopathy is the immediate or indirect biochemical impact of one organism on germination, growth, survival, reproduction other organisms improvement neighbouring plant species through arrival substances into environment. This biological phenomenon effect might be either growth-enhancing (synergistic) inhibiting (hostile), contingent upon chemical deliv...

Wildflowers attract wildlife, increase pollinator habitat, and enhance the aesthetic value of landscape. Wildflower establishment is increasingly part an effort to reduce maintained turfgrass on golf courses, lawns, other environments. Weed competition decreases wildflower results in poor long-term stands. Research was conducted a controlled environment investigate tolerance species common post...

To assess the phytotoxicity of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) on seed germination and seedling growth of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), experiments were performed in different aqueous concentrations (50, 100 and 150μM) of aforementioned heavy metals over the period of 14 sequential days. The results showed that heavy metals adversely affect the normal gro...

1. Evaluating variation, or ‘conditionality’, in plant interactions is crucial to understanding their ecological importance and predicting where theymight be at play.Much is known about conditionality for competition, facilitation and herbivory, but not for allelopathy, which likely contributes to the equivocal nature of reports on this topic.Centaurea maculosa (spotted knapweed) is an invasive...

This study examined chlorpyrifos immersion of balled and burlapped (B&B) nursery trees for elimination of third instars of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), and for phytotoxicity on red maple, Acer rubrum L. Trees were harvested as 45and 60-cm-diameter B&B and immersed in chlorpyrifos at U.S. Domestic Japanese Beetle Harmonization Plan rate (0.24 kg active in...