The secondary lamellae of the gill filaments are the sites of gas exchange in fish gills. They are mainly composed of 2 epithelial sheets joined together by pillar cells. These cells are characterized by collagen columns contained in infoldings of the cell membrane and oriented perpendicular to the epithelial sheets. The gill is the first organ to which the blood flows from the heart and within...

BACKGROUND The lateral pillar of the femoral head is an important site for disease development such as osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The femoral head consists of medial, central, and lateral pillars. This study aimed to determine the biomechanical effects of early osteonecrosis in pillars of the femoral head via a finite element (FE) analysis. METHODS A three-dimensional FE model of the ...

Extracellular matrix molecules provide biochemical and topographical cues that influence cell growth in vivo and in vitro. Effects of topographical cues on hippocampal neuron growth were examined after 14 days in vitro. Neurons from hippocampi of rat embryos were grown on poly-L-lysine-coated silicon surfaces containing fields of pillars with varying geometries. Photolithography was used to fab...

Articles you may be interested in Experimental evidence of high-frequency complete elastic bandgap in pillar-based phononic slabs Appl. Superlensing effect for surface acoustic waves in a pillar-based phononic crystal with negative refractive index Appl. Finite element analysis and experimental study of surface acoustic wave propagation through two-dimensional pillar-based surface phononic crys...

The relative contribution of blood flow to vessel structure remains a fundamental question in biology. To define the influence of intravascular flow fields, we studied tissue islands--here defined as intravascular pillars--in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Pillars comprised 0.02 to 0.5% of the vascular system in 2-dimensional projection and were predominantly observed at vessel bifurcation...

New coastal and marine management strategies have recently been developed in many countries and regions. From an ecosystem approach perspective, the aim of such strategies is the maintenance of ecosystem integrity while enabling the sustainable use of ecosystem goods and services. There is, however, a need for harmonized definitions and standardized processes to deal not only with the interjuri...

Spherical Cu nanocavity surfaces are synthesized to examine the individual role of contact angles in connecting lateral Rayleigh-Taylor wavelength to vertical Kevin-Helmholtz wavelength on hydrodynamic instability for the onset of pool boiling Critical Heat Flux (CHF). Solid and porous Cu pillar surfaces are sintered to investigate the individual role of pillar structure pitch at millimeter sca...

Accurate estimation of fracture behavior of commercial LiMn₂O₄ particles is of great importance to predict the performance and lifetime of a battery. The present study compares two different microscale techniques to quantify the fracture toughness of LiMn₂O₄ particles embedded in an epoxy matrix. The first technique uses focused ion beam (FIB) milled micro pillars that are subsequently tested u...

Various chromatography systems are today widely applied for both analysis and preparation of chemical compounds from complex mixtures. Current trends aim at the miniaturization of such systems, for instance on microchips. One approach is to arrange arrays of small pillars in a micro channel. The pillar surfaces are functionalized such as to adsorb specific substances from a bulk fluid which flo...