BACKGROUND The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether a pinhole collimator is better adapted to bremsstrahlung single photon emission computed tomography [SPECT] than parallel-hole collimators and in the affirmative, to evaluate whether pinhole bremsstrahlung SPECT, including a simple model of the scatter inside the patient, could provide a fast dosimetry assessment in liver selective inte...

Abstract The geometric phase for classical electromagnetic light beams, in its original formulation as introduced by Pancharatnam, concerns fields experiencing cyclic, discrete in-phase polarization-state changes. A similar was later recognized Berry to govern the behavior of adiabatic quantum systems, with consequent extensions nonadiabatic and noncyclic evolutions state. However, no optical c...

A pinhole camera, an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrometer, a fast gatable multichannel plate EUV detector, and a digital camera have been installed on the ASML EUV laboratory setup to perform time-resolved pinhole imaging and EUV spectroscopy on a copy of the Philips EUV hollow cathode discharge plasma source. The main properties of the setup have been characterized. Time-resolved measurement...

Earth-dam failure starts with cracking in the clay core, and this is not easy to detect prevent. Therefore, swellable a feasible solution, which helps close cracks automatically based on self-healing process. The presented study utilizes experimental procedures analyze swelling behavior of fine-grained clayey soils prevent structural regarding crack generations. In regard, materials were modifi...