While infrastructure conditions constitute 'primary routes', contamination of water within households and other behavioural determinants are considered as 'secondary routes'. However, recontaminated water has been considered not to constitute a serious risk though it occurs commonly in poorer societies. A study was conducted in Delhi where individual risk factors were located within a larger so...

Which friend do you want to spend time with—a happy friend who performs better than you or an unhappy friend who performs worse than you? The present research demonstrates that in such conflicting situations, when the desires for companionship and comparison are pitted against each other, one’s level of happiness plays an important role in one’s choice. Using hypothetical scenarios, we found th...

Operation of MRO’s High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE): Maximizing Science Participation E. Eliason, C. J. Hansen, A. McEwen, W. A. Delamere, N. Bridges, J. Grant, V. Gulick, K. Herkenhoff, L. Keszthelyi, R. Kirk, M. Mellon, P. Smith, S. Squyres, N. Thomas, and C. Weitz .................................................................................................................

A 2 x 3 x 4 factorial field experiment was established to determine the interaction among a nematode, an insect, and three weed species on soybean in 1983-86. Low (nematicide treated) or high (untreated) population densities of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, and 0, 30, or 70% main stem girdling by the threecornered alfalfa hopper (TCAH), Spissistilus festinus, were combin...

We argue that the history of political diversity in social psychology may be better characterized by stability than by a large shift toward liberalism. The branch of social psychology that focuses on political issues has defined social problems from a liberal perspective since at least the 1930s. Although a lack of ideological diversity within the discipline can pose many of the problems noted ...

We apply genetic programming to the evolution of strategies for playing the game of backgammon. We explore two different strategies of learning: using a fixed external opponent as teacher, and letting the individuals play against each other. We conclude that the second approach is better and leads to excellent results: Pitted in a 1000-game tournament against a standard benchmark player—Pubeval...

The goal of the current research is to examine mechanisms underlying induction early in development. Artificial categories were created in which the appearance of items could be pitted against category membership. Children between 4 and 5 years of age participated in two types of tasks: categorization and induction. Although participants readily classified items based on category membership, th...

Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is a rare autosomal dominant trait characterized by numerous, symmetrical, progressive and pigmented macules over the axillae, groins, face, neck, arms and trunk as well as scattered comedo-like lesions (dark dot, follicles) and pitted acneiform scars. Histopathology is diagnostic testing using a distinctive form of acanthosis, characterized by an irregular elongatio...

The recent Higgs Machine Learning Challenge pitted one of the largest crowds seen in machine learning contests against one another. In this paper, we present the winning solution and investigate the effect of extra features, the choice of neural network activation function, regularization and data set size. We demonstrate improved classification accuracy using a very similar network architectur...

This chapter focusses on Foucault, Butler, and video-sharing on sexual social networking sites. It argues that the use and prevalence of video-sharing technologies on sexual social networking websites, has a direct impact on our notions of sexual identity. Though sometimes pitted against one another and at times contradictory, the ideas of Michel Foucault and Judith Butler on the nature and exp...