Previous studies have demonstrated that benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) may disrupt the development of key biological systems, thus leaving children more vulnerable to functional impairments in adulthood. The current study was conducted to determine whether neurotoxic effects of postnatal BaP exposure on behavioral performance persist in juvenile and young adult stages. Therefore, neonate Sprague-Dawley p...

   The aim of the present study was to synthesis a series of phthalimides based on our previous works and examine their anxiolytic properties. Using a three steps process, phthalimides were prepared from the corresponding di-methyl phthalate derivatives. Phthalic anhydride was nitrated to produce 3-nitrophthalic acid. Ring closer of either 3-nitrophthalic acid or di-methyl phthalate with urea w...

Putative activity of hydroalcoholic and aqueous infusion extracts of Echium amoenum L. was investigated in mice using the rotarod model of motor coordination and the elevated plus maze model of anxiety. The extracts were administered intraperitonealy (i.p.) once, one hour before performing the tests. Preliminary phytochemical study of the plant, with standard procedures, showed that it contains...

This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering and antidepressant effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu formulation (ZGJTJY) in a model of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM; the UCMS-DM model). Sixty rats were randomly divided into blank control, vehicle (model plus vehicle), positive control (model plus metformin and fluoxetine), and high...

Serotonin transporter knockout (SERT-/-) mice are extensively used as a genetic model of several neuropsychiatric disorders, and consistently display anxiety-like behaviors and inactivity in different tests. To better understand how these mice organize their behavior, we assessed the open field and elevated plus maze spatiotemporal patterning of activity in adult male SERT wild type (+/+), hete...

The present study was aimed to screen neuroprotective effects of lantana camara in BPA induced-cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress rats. In methodology animals were divided into 5 groups. Group I serve as vehicle control group administered with 2 ml normal saline. II 50 µg/kg for 21 days. III IV served drug treated pre 1 week methanolic extract L.camara (250 500 mg/kg bw/day orally). V s...

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Euphorbiaceae) [EO] fruit is traditionally used as a general health tonic in Ayurveda. In the present study the effect of alcoholic extract of EO fruits was evaluated on acute stress induced biochemical and psychological changes in mice. Acute stress was induced by restraint stress method and the effect of EO at the doses of 100, 250 and 500mg/kg was evaluated on le...

The petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CH), ethanol (ETH) and water extracts of E. arvense stems were evaluated for anti-anxiety activity in mice using elevated plus maze model. Ketamine induced hypnosis and actophotometer was used to evaluate sedative effect with various extracts in mice. The results were compared with standard drug diazepam. The ethanolic extract of E. arvense (50 and 100 mg/k...

Because zinc deficiency induces depression and anxiety-like behavior in rodents, we examined the effects of zinc administration in several tests by measuring anxiolytic activity in mice and rats. We now report that zinc significantly increased the number of entries into the open arms in the elevated plus maze in rats. Moreover, zinc treatment significantly increased the number of punished cross...

The present study was carried out to investigate the anxiolytic activity of Ipomoea aquatica leaves. The shade dried leaves were extracted successively with petroleum ether and methanol: acetone (MAE-IA). The total flavonoids contents were determined as 200 mg/kg of dried plant material. The anxiolytic activity of MAE-IA was evaluated using elevated plus maze, light: dark apparatus, hole board ...