Exposure to prenatal adversity is associated with aggression later in life. Individual differences in autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning, specifically nonreciprocal activation of the parasympathetic (PNS) and sympathetic (SNS) nervous systems, increase susceptibility to aggression, especially in the context of adversity. Previous work examining interactions between early adversity and A...

The present longitudinal study described developmental patterns of perceived psychological need satisfaction (PNS) from the end of elementary school to the end of high school and their contribution to school adjustment at the end of high school. The first goal thus consisted in estimating whether developmental trajectories of perceived PNS were homogeneous (i.e., all students reported similar d...

Gap junctions between neurons serve as electrical synapses, in addition to conducting metabolites and signaling molecules. During development, early-appearing gap are thought prefigure chemical which appear much later. We present evidence for this idea at a central, glutamatergic synapse provide some mechanistic insights. Loss or reduction the levels of junction protein Gjd2b decreased frequenc...

Vocal communication depends on the coordinated activity of sensorimotor neurons important to vocal perception and production. How vocalizations are represented by spatiotemporal activity patterns in these neuronal populations remains poorly understood. Here we combined intracellular recordings and two-photon calcium imaging in anesthetized adult zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) to examine ho...

BACKGROUND The views of primary health care providers concerning their willingness to consult with under-16-year-old adolescent patients without the presence of a parent or guardian are not well documented. Many young people believe they have to be aged over 16 years to see their general practitioner (GP) alone. Confidentiality is a major concern for young people. It is important that more is k...

Perineuronal nets (PNs) in the brains of tenascin-R-deficient (tn-r(-/-)) mice develop in temporal concordance with those of wild-type (tn-r(+/+)) mice. However, the histological appearance of PNs is abnormal in adult tn-r(-/-) mice. Here, we investigated whether similar defects are also seen in dissociated and organotypic cultures from hippocampus and forebrain of tn-r(-/-) mice and whether th...

Numerous studies have shown that prenatal stress (PNS) can have profound effects on postnatal well-being. Here, the domestic pig (Sus scrofa) was used to investigate PNS effects owing to the direct relevance for farm animal welfare and the developing status of the pig as a large animal model in translational research. Pregnant primiparous sows were exposed, in mid-gestation, to either a social ...

OBJECTIVE To test the reliability of some cephalometric measurements in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Measurements with A, ANS, and PNS, were compared to measurements performed with alternatives for point A, ANS, and PNS: A1, A2, ANS1, ANS2, and PNS1. PATIENTS One hundred sixty-four children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), with a lateral head film taken at ag...

Bony fish is highly sensitive to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure, especially at early developmental stages. TCDD induces various toxic effects including yolk sac edema, craniofacial malformation and neural damage in developing fish embryos. However, the effects of TCDD on the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of fish remain unclear. To clarify whether TCDD affects the morpholo...

Pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a chronic disease promoted by metabolic and immune dysfunctions. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) polymorphisms have been associated with a variety of metabolic and kidney disorders. We therefore hypothesized that PPAR polymorphisms might be involved in the pathophysiology of PNS. We compared the distributions of the PPAR-γ Pro12Ala...