BACKGROUND Persons with dementia need much care, but what care is used and how the burden of financing divided between persons dementia, caregivers, public programs may differ countries. OBJECTIVE The objective this study was to compare health use out-of-pocket (OOP) spending associated United States Europe, without controlling for background characteristics. RESEARCH DESIGN We prospectively co...

To determine burden of healthcare costs on patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the US within MEPS 2018 data and to characterize impact sociodemographic insurance coverage. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) was conducted. 456 (1.5%) adult RA were identified from 30,461 survey respondents. Association annual total expenditure characteristics ...

More than 30 million people in the U.S. have diabetes, and approximately 7.4 (30% of those with diabetes) regularly use one or more insulin formulations. For who rely on it, i.e., all patients type 1 diabetes many 2 is a lifesaving medication. Between 2007 2016, average annual total Medicare Part D payment per person increased by 358%, which resulted an 81% increase for out-of-pocket (OOP) (1)....

Background Despite improvements in many health indicators, providing access to affordable healthcare remains a considerable challenge Bangladesh. Financing incidence analysis will enable an evaluation of how well the system performs achieve equity financing. The objective this study is assess burden out-of-pocket (OOP) cost on different socio-economic groups by assessing financing because OOP ...

BACKGROUND In Kenya, where 60 to 80% of the urban residents live in informal settlements (frequently referred to as slums), out-of-pocket (OOP) payments account for more than a third of national health expenditures. However, little is known on the extent to which these OOP payments are associated with personal or household financial catastrophe in the slums. This paper seeks to examine the inci...

PURPOSE Cancer patients carry rising burdens of health care-related out-of-pocket expenses, and a growing number of patients are considered "underinsured." Our objective was to describe experiences of insured cancer patients requesting copayment assistance and to describe the impact of health care expenses on well-being and treatment. METHODS We conducted baseline and follow-up surveys regard...

BACKGROUND Out-of-pocket expenses, medical and non-medical, have an impoverishing effect on the family. OBJECTIVE Determine non-medical out-of-pocket expenses incurred during out-patient attendance for primary care services. METHODS A descriptive survey was undertaken at a rural medical college using interviewer-administered questionnaire to parents of children <6 years over a period of 6 w...

Despite the importance of patient insurance in the market for prescription pharmaceuticals, little is known about the impact of patient reimbursement on the pricing behavior of pharmaceutical firms. I examine the link between potential patient out-of-pocket expenses and pharmaceutical pricing using a unique policy experiment from Germany. Starting in 1989, a maximum reimbursement for a given me...

The South African Government recently set targets to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) by lowering salt consumption. We conducted an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to model the potential health and economic impacts of this salt policy. We used surveys and epidemiologic studies to estimate reductions in CVD resulting from lower salt intake. We calculated the average out-of-pocket ...

With the establishment of the social security system in 1924, Chile started the path towards UHC. A key milestone was the creation of the National Health System in 1952, which offered public subsidized coverage for the poor [1]. Currently, after the partial privatization of social security in 1981 the health system is mixed, both in insurance and in service provision [2], and health insurance r...