A review of recent developments in the study of the Zero Point Energy (ZPE) is made. The origin and behavior of the electromagnetic fields making up the vacuum ZPE is elucidated. From this it is deduced that the ZPE should increase with time even in a static universe such as Narliker and Arp propose. The small oscillations that a static cosmos undergoes will add a variable component to the over...

We report measurements and simulations on a fully tunable double quantum dot circuit, integrated with two quantum point contacts that serve as charge detectors. The circuit is defined in a two-dimensional electron gas by means of surface gates on top of a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. Full control over the electron number (down to zero), the dot-lead coupling and the inter-dot tunnel coupling is...

1 As the clock and logic speeds increase, the energy requirements of CMOS circuits are rapidly becoming a major concern in the design of personal information systems and large computers. Earlier, we presented a new form of CMOS Charge Recovery Logic (CRL), with a power dissipation that falls with the square of the operating frequency, as opposed to the linear drop of conventional CMOS circuits ...

The vortex coronagraph is a transparent phase-based coronagraph which imprints an eilθ phase ramp (or screw dislocation) on the point spread function (PSF) of the telescope+instrument. l is called the topological charge of the vortex, and quantifies the number of times the phase goes through 2π radians. For the vortex to be an efficient coronagraph, the topological charge has to be a non-zero e...

The substrate-induced charge-density profile in carbon face epitaxial graphene is determined using nondegenerate ultrafast midinfrared pump-probe spectroscopy. Distinct zero crossings in the differential transmission spectra are used to identify the Fermi levels of layers within the multilayer stack. Probing within the transmission window of the SiC substrate, we find the Fermi levels of the fi...