Asexual spores (conidia) are the infectious propagules of many pathogenic fungi, and the capacity to sense the host environment and trigger conidial germination is a key pathogenicity determinant. Germination of conidia requires the de novo establishment of a polarised growth axis and consequent germ tube extension. The molecular mechanisms that control polarisation during germination are poorl...

Generalised Parton Distributions (GPDs) provide a theoretical framework that promises to deliver new information about proton structure. In the impact parameter interpretation, they describe the substructure of the proton in terms of its quark (and gluon) constituents in three dimensions: two transverse spacial dimensions and one longitudinal momentum dimension. Through Ji’s sum rule, they offe...

The photoelectrons emitted by lead atoms exposed to circularly-polarised vuv radiation are partially spin polarised. Unlike the photoionisation cross section, the measured polarisation does not show autoionisation resonances as a function of wavelength. The polarisation and the known cross section results together yield new absorption data, which can be compared with the oscillator strengths of...

For the design of the International Linear Collider (ILC) a polarised positron source based on a helical undulator system has been proposed. In order to optimise the positron beam, i.e. to ensure high intensity as well as high degree of polarisation, a measurement of the polarisation close to the positron creation point is envisaged. In this contribution methods to determine the positron polari...

This report summarises the characteristics of target specific projection and neurochemical coding patterns of motor and interneuronal pathways in the gastric enteric nervous system (ENS) which are involved in the innervation of the mucosa, the circular and the longitudinal muscle. The pathways were identified by retrograde tracing and further characterised by optical and intracellular recording...

We estimate the cross-section and asymmetry relevant for the production of forward jets in polarised deep inelastic scattering in the region of small values of x which can be probed at possible polarised HERA measurements. The kinematical cuts implemented in our analysis are the same as those which were used in the unpolarised deep inelastic scattering at HERA. The calculations are based on the...

BACKGROUND Fake news and alternative facts have become commonplace in these so-called "post-factual times." What about medical research - are scientific facts fake as well? Many recent disclosures have fueled the claim that scientific facts are suspect and that science is in crisis. Scientists appear to engage in facting interests instead of revealing interesting facts. This can be observed in ...

We study the structure function gT = g1+g2, using the factorisation method. It turns out that gT has a much simpler operator structure as compared to g2, in spite of the fact that, like g2, gT has a twist-three component not suppressed by powers of Q . We demonstrate factorisation of the hadronic tensor into hard and soft parts for the case of gT , even though g2 does not admit of such a demons...

In his twistor-particle programme of the 1970's, Roger Penrose introduced a representation massive particle phase space in terms pair twistors subject to an internal symmetry group. Here we use this introduce chiral string whose target is complexification space, extended so as incorporate supersymmetry. We show that gauge anomalies associated group vanish only for maximal supersymmetry, and cor...

We employ the $\lambda^3$ regime where a near-single-cycle laser pulse is tightly focused, thus providing highest possible intensity for minimal energy at certain power. The quantum electrodynamics processes in course of interaction ultraintense with solid target are studied via three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, revealing generation copious $\gamma$-photons and electron-positron p...