The initially unrestricted host-to-host communication model provided by the Internet Protocol has deteriorated due to political and technical changes caused by Internet growth. While this is not a problem for most clientserver applications, peer-to-peer networks frequently struggle with peers that are only partially reachable. We describe how a peer-to-peer framework can hide diversity and obst...

The aim of this study is to shed some light on the historical evolution of the implementation of the adjacent area regulation in Turkey as a form of annexation practice with particular reference to both its role as a tool of party politics and the struggle between different levels of local government units, and also the inherent tension between the legislative and political processes. What is p...

World War II began on September 1, 1939 with the German invasion of Poland. By early May 1940, German troops had overrun the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg; soon thereafter Germany broke through the French defensive forces near Sedan. Political lethargy, a poor communication system and many mistakes accelerated the downfall of the French army. By the end of May approximately 350,000 Frenc...

Research in the field of ethnic politics is especially important in the context of Latin America, a region that continues to struggle with the incorporation and increasing participation of ethnic minorities, particularly Indigenous peoples, in the regional and national political arenas. Unfortunately, the correct approach to ethnicity research remains an unresolved contention between the Primor...

The overseas Chinese democracy movement started in the early 1980s and comprised of the networks, organisations and campaigns of those mainland Chinese activists, in exile mostly in the West, particularly the United States. These dissidents were mainly Democracy Wall (1978-79) veterans, the Tiananmen Square event (1989) student leaders and intellectuals, and other activists who became politicis...

Communication is essential to preventing terrorists from achieving their objectives. Effective communication can reduce terrorists' chances of mounting successful operations, creating threats that disrupt everyday life, and undermining the legitimacy of the societies that they attack. Psychological research has essential roles to play in that communication, identifying the public's information ...

The initially unrestricted host-to-host communication model provided by the Internet Protocol has deteriorated due to political and technical changes caused by Internet growth. While this is not a problem for most client-server applications, peer-to-peer networks frequently struggle with peers that are only partially reachable. We describe how a peer-to-peer framework can hide diversity and obs...

It is a piece of idle senthentality that truth, merely as truth, has any inherent power denied to error, or prevailing against the dungeon and the stake. Men are not more zealous for truth than they often are for error, and a sufficient application oflegal or even of social penalties will generally succeed in stopping the propagation of either. The real advantage which truth has, consists in th...

This paper develops a theory of the interaction between appropriative conflict and economic growth. Appropriative conflict, as measured by the diversion of resources, is viewed as the cost of securing effective property rights. We identify conditions under which conflict rises or falls as the rate of economic growth improves. The main implication of the analysis is that if the quality of proper...

The authors discuss the idea of crisis as something regular and systematic in the capitalist system, situating moments of acute crisis as an inherent part of the political struggle. With a historical perspective, they seek to demonstrate that the transformations and the advances achieved in the culture of rights are still very recent and unconsolidated. They argue that the strengthening of indi...