Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly diagnosed in young women with anovulatory infertility, oligomenorrhoea or hyperandrogenic problems such as hirsutism and acne. Although associated with obesity, the syndrome is also frequently seen in women of normal body habitus. While most attention has been paid to the management of the presenting complaint (infertility, hirsutism, etc.), it has b...

We read the article “Depression, Anxiety, and Anger in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome” by Balikci et al with great interest (1). The authors aimed to evaluate the relations of some biochemical parameters with anger, anxiety, and depression in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). They concluded that anxiety symptoms assessed based on anxiety scores were significantly correlat...

The occurrence of more than two ova from the same follicle (polyovular follicle) in humans has been observed. In this case report there was a high frequency of conjoined oocytes retrieved with individual zona pellucida (40% of oocytes retrieved, 4.3% of mature follicles) from women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We may have to be more aware of the risk of multiple pregnancies in inferti...

THE polycystic ovary is found in a variety of clinical situations and probably has a multiple aetiology. It is a physical sign rather than a disease entity. Leaving aside the multiple luteinized cysts found in chlorionepithelioma and hydatidiform mole, the polycystic ovary is found with three main clinical presentations. One group of patients presents with oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea, anovul...

This is in reference to your Missed periods [2] Q&A. Another cause of missed or late periods is PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome). A lot of health care providers don't seem to be aware of this syndrome. In this syndrome, missed or irregular periods are caused by unusual hormone levels, sometimes in combination with insulin intolerance. Because missed and irregular periods cause scar tissue build...

1.2 Diagnostic criteria The condition was described by Stein and Leventhal in 1935. There is a considerable controversy on the optimal criteria for PCOS. Although the NIH (National Institute of Health) criteria as hyperandrogenic anovulatory PCOS were proposed in 1992, these have now expanded to non NIH criteria including hyperandrogenic ovulatory to nonhyperandrogenic anovulatory PCOS (2). Aft...

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME, A COMPLEX ENTITY INVOLVING REPRODUCTIVE AND METABOLIC IMPAIRMENTS (Abstract): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (Abstract): We attempt to synthesize main data in what concerns pathogenesis, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS. The issue was the systematization of main data regarding different features of PCOS and stressing its peculiar ass...

In addition to its effects on reproductive health, it is now well recognized that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic disorder, characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity which leads to an excess lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PCOS patients are often obese, hypertensive, dyslipidemic and insulin resistant; they have obstructive sleep apnea and have ...

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome have chronic anovulation and androgen excess not attributable to another cause. This condition occurs in approximately 4% of women. The fundamental pathophysiologic defect is unknown, but important characteristics include insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and altered gonadotropin dynamics. Inadequate follicle-stimulating hormone is hypothesized to be a...

PCOS is characterised by a varied and often complex array of metabolic and endocrine abnormalities. The syndrome was originally described by Stein and Leventhal in 1935, as a triad consisting of amennorhoea, hirsutism and obesity, in women who had multiple cysts on their ovaries.1 Over the last decade or so, the understanding of this syndrome has changed and the emphasis is often on the long-te...