Flap endonucleases (FENs) are proposed to select their target phosphate diester by unpairing the two terminal nucleotides of duplex. Interstrand disulfide crosslinks, introduced by oxidation of thiouracil and thioguanine bases, abolished the specificity of human FEN1 for hydrolysis one nucleotide into the 5'-duplex.

Uridine-3'-phosphorothiolate triesters bearing lipophilic moieties were prepared via Michaelis-Arbuzov chemistry. Subsequent deprotection of the S-cholesteryl phosphorothiolate triester afforded the corresponding diester which underwent spontaneous Cyclization to cleanly afford uridine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate. This transesterification reaction could be expedited by treatment with iodine under mi...

A water-soluble squaric acid dialkyl diester derivative is presented, which enables one-pot, two-step amine-selective protein conjugation reactions with (functional) amines in water. This reagent not only allows all-aqueous protein modifications, but also tolerates e.g. hydroxyl groups and can also be used for the modification of proteins with water-insoluble amines.

• PEI film inclusions improve the Mode I and II interlaminar toughness performance of CF/PEEK laminates. laminates toughened with at delamination susceptible ply interfaces exhibited superior impact relative to baseline a smaller damage footprint Unlike thermoset based composite laminates, all tested on surface. This is useful attribute in aerospace structures, where barely visible (BVID) conce...

Void-free Cu electrodeposition in high aspect ratio features requires, at a minimum, an additive package containing micromolar halide and polyether that combine to form co-adsorbed adlayer inhibits metal deposition on the electrode interface. Successful feature filling relies preferential growth proceeding from most recessed surfaces where sustained breakdown of polyether-halide suppressor laye...

objective:  the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two impression materials on the shear bond strength of porcelain to immediately sealed dentin. materials and methods: smooth dentin surfaces of 45 extracted premolars were immediately sealed with adper single bond adhesive agent. forty-five porcelain specimens were also prepared. the teeth were divided into one control and t...