نتایج جستجو برای: post exposure prophylaxis
تعداد نتایج: 719995 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Long-acting Neuraminidase Inhibitor Laninamivir Octanoate as Post-exposure Prophylaxis for Influenza
BACKGROUND A single administration of laninamivir octanoate, a long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor, has been proven to be effective in the treatment of influenza but not for post-exposure prophylaxis. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study to determine if a single administration of laninamivir octanoate 40 mg was superior to placebo for post-exp...
INTRODUCTION Efficacy and effectiveness of varicella vaccine (VV) as post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) strategy have shown discordant results for disease risk reduction, and more consistent results in their ability to attenuate the disease. AIM To assess the effectiveness of VV as PEP among household contacts. MATERIAL AND METHODS We followed up 33 children after household exposure to a varic...
Active vaccination can be effective as a post-exposure prophylaxis, but the rapidity of the immune response induced, relative to the incubation time of the pathogen, is critical. We show here that CD40mAb conjugated to antigen induces a more rapid specific antibody response than currently used immunological adjuvants, alum and monophosphoryl lipid A.
BACKGROUND Health care providers are at risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from occupational exposure, with nurses being the most vulnerable. There is no data on the awareness of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among nurses in Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, practices of nurses regarding PEP for HIV and their determinants in Cameroon. METHODS A ...
these guidelines outline the management of individuals who have been exposed (or suspect they have been exposed) to hiV in the non-occupational setting. since they were originally developed in 2001, there have been advances in knowledge of hiV pathogenesis, treatment and non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (Npep). there are currently no data from randomised controlled trials of the use o...
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately infected with HIV in Thailand. Factors affecting their intention to take non-occupational HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) are not well understood. This study sought to determine factors associated with an intention to take nPEP in this population. METHOD This is a two-phase mixed-method study. Phase I was a cross-sectional...
Rabies is endemic worldwide, and causes approximately 30 000 deaths per year. In the past 20 years, 12 deaths have occurred in the UK, although all but one case were contracted overseas. We have reviewed the current literature regarding the management of possible rabies exposure in the setting of a UK emergency department. The article offers an overview of rabies, including pathology, risk asse...
BACKGROUND Human rabies has recently re-emerged as a significant public health threat in Tianjin, China. METHODS Using surveillance data compiled by the Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we describe 60 cases of human rabies reported from 2005 to 2011 in the municipality of Tianjin, China. RESULTS All 60 cases of human rabies resulted in death. Cases were primarily male (80...
Data supporting the efficacy of HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) come largely from a small number of older studies and case reports in health care workers, studies of transmission from infected mothers to their infants, and animal studies. These data also provide support for the current recommendations regarding duration of PEP and the window of time within which PEP should be started. Althou...
BACKGROUND Leprosy has a wide range of clinical and socio-economic consequences. India, Indonesia and Nepal contribute significantly to the global leprosy burden. After integration, the health systems are pivotal in leprosy service delivery. The Leprosy Post Exposure Prophylaxis (LPEP) program is ongoing to investigate the feasibility of providing single dose rifampicin (SDR) as post-exposure p...
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