A cute pain is a common and suboptimally managed occurrence in the postoperative setting. In a survey of adults who had undergone surgical procedures in the United States, Warfield and colleagues noted that 77% reported pain after surgery, with 80% of affected individuals experiencing moderate to severe pain.1 Furthermore, postoperative pain is associated with various complications and poor out...

BACKGROUND Reduced muscle strength- commonly characterized by decreased handgrip strength compared to population norms- is associated with numerous untoward outcomes. Preoperative handgrip strength is a potentially attractive real-time, non-invasive, cheap and easy-to-perform "bedside" assessment tool. Using systematic review procedure, we investigated whether preoperative handgrip strength was...

INTRODUCTION Epidural analgesia provides an important synergistic method of pain control. In addition to reducing perioperative opioid consumption, the deliverance of analgesia into the epidural space, effectively creating a sympathetic blockade, has a multitude of additional potential benefits, from decreasing the incidence of postoperative delirium to reducing the development of persistent po...