Early recognition of hemorrhage during the initial resuscitation of injured patients is associated with improved survival in both civilian and military casualties. We tested a transfusion and lifesaving intervention (LSI) prediction algorithm in comparison with clinical judgment of expert trauma care providers. We collected 15 min of pulse oximeter photopletysmograph waveforms and extracted fea...

BACKGROUND The use of opioid analgesics in prehospital trauma care has been reported to have negative side effects on the airway and circulation. Several studies of urban trauma management have recommend ketamine as a safe and efficient analgesic. To date, however, no controlled trials of prehospital opioid analgesics versus ketamine in rural trauma management have been published. OBJECTIVE T...

Background: Regarding the undeniable role of nurses in caring for patients with trauma, a suitable method is required for the education of nursing students to meet their needs. In this study, first we designed an educational smartphone application for pre-hospital trauma management and then nursing students evaluated its usefulness.  Methods: This applied study has a cross-sectional design and...

Until the late 60s and early 70s of the last century, medical trauma care received very little attention in most communities or from health care providers. Emergency medical care became a focus of widespread and continuing attention following publication in 1966 of the landmark report of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the National Research Council (NRC): Accidental Death and Disabil...

OBJECTIVES We investigated how often intravenous fluids have been delivered during physician-led prehospital treatment of patients with hypotensive trauma in the UK and which fluids were given. These data were used to estimate the potential national requirement for prehospital blood products (PHBP) if evidence from ongoing trials were to report clinical superiority. SETTING The Regional Explo...

The objective of this study is to characterize prehospital teamwork service for traffic accident victims, identifying the actors' activities, the teamwork and the relations with actors from other areas. This is a qualitative study, in which data collection took place by observing the events that occurred at a public service in the city of Porto Alegre, in addition to interviews with each profes...

Physicians commonly ignore hypothermia, an often-underappreciated event associated with mortality in trauma patients, in general due to its prevalence and belief that it is secondary to the injury itself (secondary hypothermia). Over the past several decades, hypothermia in trauma has been studied concerning its effects on mortality; however, very little has been done to identify the major risk...

BACKGROUND Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant health concern and a major burden for society. The period between trauma event and hospital admission in an emergency department (ED) could be a determinant for secondary brain injury and early survival. The aim was to investigate the relationship between prehospital factors associated with secondary brain injury (arterial hypotens...

BACKGROUND Prediction of blood transfusion needs and mortality for trauma patients in near real time is an unrealized goal. We hypothesized that analysis of pulse oximeter signals could predict blood transfusion and mortality as accurately as conventional vital signs (VSs). METHODS Continuous VS data were recorded for direct admission trauma patients with abnormal prehospital shock index (SI ...